In this thesis innovative tunnel devices based on new architectures, new fabrication approaches and novel material combinations are fabricated and investigated in detail. In particular, nanowire homoand heterojunction tunnel diodes based on Si and InAs-Si have been demonstrated for the rst time. The gained knowledge and understanding of tunnel diodes is applied to design and fabricate InAs-Si h...

The development of an effective evaluation method suitable for loess-tunnel excavation is necessary to avoid the collapse accidents caused by tunnel and any secondary disasters. Although Fenner formulas modified are widely used in engineering, a defect still exists these because Mohr–Coulomb (M–C) criterion exaggerates tensile strength surrounding rock loess tunnel. A newly formula was derived ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Laparoscopic Heller myotomy with antireflux procedure is considered to be a standard treatment for achalasia. Recently, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) was developed and performed on patients with achalasia. However, there is no report on POEM use in South Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility of POEM in a porcine model. METHODS POEM was perf...

The original online version of this article was revised. On page 1424, the corresponding author should be CHEN Wen-hua.

tehran shomal highway passes through alborz mountains with a tunnel length of 6400 meters. there are two main tunnels. a full three-dimensional (3d) numerical analysis coupled with elasto-plastic material models was conducted on the inclined access tunnel. bending moment, axial force and the lining displacements due to the internal forces applied on the shotcrete lining are calculated. axial fo...

PURPOSE Tunnel widening after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a frequently described phenomenon. The possible etiology is multi-factorial with some mechanical and biological factors. Among those, we intended to determine the relation between the location and orientation of the femoral tunnel and the femoral tunnel enlargement after outside-in single-bundle ACL reconstruction....