In a stochastic decision environment, di¤erences in information can lead rational decision makers facing the same stochastic technology and the same markets to make di¤erent production choices. E¢ ciency and productivity measurement in such a setting can be seriously and systematically biased by the manner in which the stochastic technology is represented. For example, conventional production f...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) assumes that the data set is precise when performing e±ciency evaluation of peer decision making units (DMUs). The current paper proposes a multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) approach to estimate missing values if some of the entries in the data set are missing. Its algorithm to derive the estimations is also proposed. In order to verify the credibility o...

What is the impact on human capital investment when a worker’s ability and investments are observed by the labour market only when the worker invests in self-promoting activities? When ...rms pay spot market wages, high ability workers overinvest in selfpromotion. There is no employment contract that attains full e¢ciency. Constrained e¢ciency is attained when employment bonds are feasible. The...

Markov chains having the same stationary distribution can be partially ordered by performance in the central limit theorem. We say that one chain is at least as good as another in the e ciency partial ordering if the variance in the central limit theorem is at least as small for every L( ) functional of the chain. Peskun partial ordering implies e ciency partial ordering [25, 30]. Here we show ...

Achieving administrative e ciency is one of the objectives pursued by e-governance. Many aspects of government to citizen and government to business exchanges may be streamlined through an adequate use of information and communication technologies (ICT). However, among the various challenges facing e-governance, legal issues regarding data protection and privacy are often perceived as curbing t...

This paper proposes a tonal component coding algorithm for a codec that employs a transform followed by Hu man coding, such as MPEG-2 Audio NBC (Non-Backward Compatible)[1]. After the input audio signal is mapped onto a frequency domain, the proposed algorithm withdraws local maximum components that degrade coding e ciency. By this withdrawal, the atness of the spectrum increases and the e cien...

This paper investigates the circumstances under which negotiating simultaneously over multiple issues or assets helps reduce ineffi ciencies due to the presence of asymmetric information. Consider the case where one agent controls all assets. One would expect that strong substitutabilities among assets, would help trade, as the seller would value the additional units less. We show that this int...

‹antization, the pre-calculation and conversion to integers of term/document weights in an inverted index, is a well studied aspect of search engines that substantially improves retrieval eciency. Previous work has considered the impact of quantization on e‚ectiveness–eciency tradeo‚s in retrieval, for example, exploring the relationship between collection size and quantization range in stati...

Putting in more security measures and access controls within an organisation runs contrary to operational e ciency and convenience. Although the balance between security and operational e ciency is critical to making the combination works for the better, most administrators will rather forego security than performance if either has to be traded o . To address this problem, we propose a compleme...

Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) defi ciency that results in intralysosomal glycogen accumulation affecting skeletal muscles with more specifi c impairment of proximal limb, trunk, and respiratory muscles. Pulmonary symptoms may represent one of the initial manifestations of late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) in patients, even those sti...