Acute and chronic pancreatitis result in considerable morbidity, are increasing in incidence, and have a high mortality rate. Due to the inaccessibility of the pancreas to study, our understanding of the pathophysiology of pancreatitis remains limited. Our current knowledge of the evolution of pancreatitis can be described as a progression from an initial injury to both the acinar and ductal co...

Chronic inflammatory mediators exert pleiotropic effects in the development of cancer. On the one hand, inflammation favors carcinogenesis, malignant transformation, tumor growth, invasion, and metastatic spread; on the other hand inflammation can stimulate immune effector mechanisms that might limit tumor growth. The link between cancer and inflammation depends on intrinsic and extrinsic pathw...

Introduction: Apoptosis dysregulation plays a substantial role in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammation and its related symptoms such as edema. Regulation of NF-ĸB activation is involved in apoptosis pattern change. The current study aimed at verifying the effects of local inflammation on edema and changes in apoptotic markers, and investigating the possible role of NF-ĸB in apoptosis pat...

The effects of airway inflammation induced by chronic antigen exposure on substance P (SP)-induced increases and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-induced decreases in airway opening pressure (Pao), and the recovery of intact and hydrolyzed radiopeptide were studied in tracheally perfused guinea pig lungs. SP (10-6 mol/kg) induced a significantly greater increase in Pao in lungs from antigen-...

Heart failure (HF) is primarily a clinical diagnosis that develops secondary to either left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic dysfunctions. Despite significant advancements in medical therapies designed to both prevent HF development and treat HF once established, the prognosis of patients after their first hospital admission is poor. Worldwide, 2% to 17% of patients die during their firs...

Interleukin (IL)-6 is produced at the site of inflammation and plays a key role in the acute phase response as defined by a variety of clinical and biological features such as the production of acute phase proteins. IL-6 in combination with its soluble receptor sIL-6Ralpha, dictates the transition from acute to chonic inflammation by changing the nature of leucocyte infiltrate (from polymorphon...

Inflammation is critical for the development of many complex diseases and disorders including autoimmune diseases, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation comes in two types: chronic inflammation, which can be defined as a dysregulated form of inflammation, and acute inflammation, which can defined as a regulated form. Because of its sp...

The global obesity epidemic is contributing to increased prevalence of diseases fuelled by chronic inflammation, including cancer. Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) an obesity-associated malignancy with increasing prevalence, dismal prognosis, and severely dysregulated immune processes. We previously reported that αβ T cells migrate omentum liver in OAC contribute inflammation these tissues. Her...