objective(s): pioglitazone (actos) is one of the most controversial recent oral antidiabetic drugs. it was originally authorized in the european :union: in 2000, and approved as an oral monotherapy for overweight second type of diabetic patients in 2002. it belongs to the thiazolidinedione group which some of its members have been withdrawn from the market due to the hepatotoxicity or cardiotox...

background: the motricity index was used to measure strength in upper and lower extremities after stroke. the weighted score based on the ordinal 6 point scale of medical research council was used to measure maximal isometric muscle strength. there is dearth of articles dealing with the reliability of this method. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the test retest reliability of ...

objectives: the purpose of this study was to determine the of physical functioning level and prevalence of chronic illness among elderlypeople in west region of tehran. methods & materials: this study was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. a multi-stage sampling was used and 410 community residents who were over 60 years old were selected from west region of tehran.descriptive statistics,...

chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is an autoimmune disease with progressive and relapsing courses. the main clinical presentations are diffuse deep tendon hyporeflexia or areflexia and symmetric proximal-distal muscles weakness. myasthenia gravis is also an immune mediated disease with fluctuating ocular and bulbar symptoms and sometimes weakness. although both myasthenia gravis...

1. dept. of hematology and medical oncology, kermanshah university of medical sciences, kermanshah, iran 2. students research committee, kermanshah university of medical sciences, kermanshah, iran 3. medical biology research center, kermanshah university of medical sciences, kermanshah, iran                                     corresponding author: masoud sadeghi, msc. tel: (+98) 9185960644 ema...

background: hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is the most common transfusion transmitted disease in poly-transfused patients worldwide. in this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of pegylated interferon alfa-2a (peg-ifn a-2a) in reducing serum alt and eradicating serum hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna in hcv infected polytransfused thalassemic patients. materials and methods: a cohort of 51 hcv-...

background: there are two forms of itp: acute and chronic. the chronic form is defined by persistent thrombocytopenia for more than 12 months and mostly occurs among young women. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical variables in adult patients with chronic itp in west iran. patients and methods: between of 2007 and 2014, ninety adult patients with chronic itp referred to ou...

primary immunodeficiency diseases (pid) consist of a group of long-term illnesses which had permanent psychiatric effects on the patients and their parents. this study was designed to find out the most important origins and aspects of stressor in parents of pid patients.to assess the  impact of  psychiatric aspects in parents  of pid  patients, a valid and reliable questionnaire was compiled ba...

conclusions in conclusion, in spite of usually benign features, chronic otitis media may lead to serious complications such as brain abscess. every effort should be made for microbiological diagnosis of the causative pathogen(s) for appropriate antibiotic treatment. introduction brain abscess is a rare life-threatening focal intracerebral infection. the etiology of brain abscess depends on trau...

introduction: ghrelin is an endogenous peptide that has diverse functions in the body. one of the newly recognized roles of this peptide is its antiapoptotic effect. however, this function has not been investigated in normobaric hypoxia- induced apoptosis in body organs. this study will examine the effect of ghrelin treatment on bax-bcl-2 gene expression in the kidney of chronic hypoxic rats. m...