Euphorbia heterophylla L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a herbaceous species of great economic importance due to its invasive potential and consequent damage to agriculture and pasture land. For the first time, we provide information on its chromosome number, morphology, and behavior of mitotic chromosomes. Seeds were germinated and submitted to four treatments to obtain metaphases: 0.5% colchicine for 2 ...

In China, Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai strain 56601 (str.56601) is one of main pathogenic strains that cause severe leptospirosis in both human and animals. The genome of this organism was completely sequenced in 2003. However, in 2011, we identified and corrected some assembly errors in the str.56601 genome due to the repeat sequences widely distributed in the Leptospira genome. In this ...

During mitosis, equal segregation of chromosomes depends on proper kinetochore-microtubule attachments. Merotelic kinetochore orientation, in which a single kinetochore binds microtubules from both spindle poles [1], is a major cause of chromosome instability [2], which is commonly observed in solid tumors [3, 4]. Using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we show that a proper force ba...

Introgression is the movement of genes or gene flow from one species into the gene pool. wide hybridisation breaks the species barrier for gene transfer and makes it possible to transfer the genome of one species to other, which results alteration in genotypes and phenotypes of the progeny. The main objective of wide hybridisation is to transfer desirable genes, to create genetic variability wh...

Analogously to chromosome cohesion in eukaryotes, newly replicated DNA in E. coli is held together by inter-sister linkages before partitioning into daughter nucleoids. In both cases, initial joining is apparently mediated by DNA catenation, in which replication-induced positive supercoils diffuse behind the fork, causing newly replicated duplexes to twist around each other. Type-II topoisomera...

background: chromosomal disorders are the most common cause of first trimester spontaneous abortion. among the human chromosomes, chromosome no.9 was the most common structural chromosomal variant and it is not thought to be of any functional importance, which often considers as a normal variation in structural polymorphisms, nevertheless there are some studies which claim that there is an asso...

Abstract Crop height (Ht), heading date (Hd), and grain yield (GY) are inter-related in wheat. Independent manipulation of each is important for adaptation performance. Validated quantitative trait loci (QTLs) all three co-locate on chromosome 3A the Avalon×Cadenza population, with increased Ht, Hd, GY contributed by Cadenza. We asked if these linked or pleiotropic effects using recombinant lin...

The chromosomal spread and karyotype of Anjak (Schizocypris altidorsalis) from Hamoun Lake were determined using tissue squashing techniques with an injection of 1 mL/100 g body weight of 0.01% colchicines solution. Kidney and gill epithelia tissues were removed and used for karyotype analysis. The analysis of 145 chromosome spreads revealed the diploid chromosome number of this fish, 2n=48 and...

Oculo-auriculovertebral dysplasia (Goldenhar) is a congenital syndrome. Its phenotype differs from craniofacial anomalies to cardiac, vertebral or central nervous system defects. This syndrome is rare and its etiology is not apparent yet. Pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 is one of the most common structural balanced chromosomal aberrations with its incidences 15% to 25%. Herein we present ...