Prima facie evidence is presented that, where naturally occuring chromium in water supplies occurs, it is associated with a lower prevalence of diabetes and a lower incidence of mortality from vascular occlusive disease. It is postulated that increased prevalence of such disease in a population is associated with chromium 3 deprivation. This results from con­ sumption of highly refined cereal f...

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that oxidative stress mediates chromium-induced reproductive toxicity. Monthly semen samples were collected from adult monkeys (Macaca radiata), which were exposed to varying doses (50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm) of chromium (as potassium dichromate) for 6 months through drinking water. Chromium treatment decreased sperm count, sperm forward moti...

One of the most important and toxic heavy metals in wastewater is chromium. Cr (VI) is released from different industrial operations, including metallurgy, leather tanning, paint, textile industries, chemical manufacturing, pulp production, ore and petroleum refining, metal corrosion, electroplating products etc. Hexavalent chromium is toxic, carcinogenic, probably mutagenic and highly soluble....

The remediation of chromium-contaminated sites requires knowledge of the processes that control the migration and transformation of chromium. Advection, dispersion, and diffusion are physical processes affecting the rate at which contaminants can migrate in the subsurface. Heterogeneity is an important factor that affects the contribution of each of these mechanisms to the migration of chromium...

Biosorption has attracted attention as a cost-effective means for the treatment of metal-bearing wastewater. However, the mechanism of metal binding is not clearly understood, and consequently, modeling of the biosorption performance is still raising debates. In this study, the biosorption of trivalent chromium was investigated with protonated brown alga Ecklonia biomass as a model system. Titr...

BACKGROUND In this study the removal of Chromium (III) and Chromium (VI) ions are investigated via polymer enhanced ultrafiltration under important process parameters. This study proposes the use of unmodified starch as a novel polymer in the ultrafiltration process and its performance on the removal of chromium ions was compared with a commonly used polymer, polyethylene glycol. METHODS The ...

Chromium is an essential micronutrient which is required for normal insulin effect and regulation of blood sugar level. Serum chromium status of patients with type 2 diabetes was compared with control non-diabetic subjects. Blood samples were collected and serum glucose level of both groups was determined. The serum chromium concentration of samples was measured by flame-less atomic absorption ...

The kinetics of chromium ions sorption from aqueous solution on fungi biomass have been investigated in a batch system. The experimental data were analysed based on an intraparticle diffusion equation and a pseudo-second-order mechanism, in order to predict the constant rate of sorption and the equilibrium capacity with the effect of initial chromium ions concentration, temperature and initial ...

It has recently been discovered that chromium is an essential element, particularly in relation to carbohydrate metabolism. Food refinement leads to a loss of chromium as well as of other trace elements. The nutritional significance, particularly in relation to cardiovascular diseases, of the excessive consumption of refined food, poor in trace elements, is not well understood. The first result...

Chromium has been proposed to be an essential trace element useful in the treatment of diabetes, and several chromium(III) compounds have been used as nutritional supplements. However, the fate of the chromium from nutritional supplements has been investigated solely by techniques, such as radio-labeling, which allow only the chromium atom to be traced, not its chemical form. This investigation...