A 21-year-old black man with presumed systemic sarcoidosis had bilateral choroidal nodules, unilateral retinal neovascularisation and vitreous haemorrhage, and non-caseating granulomas on percutaneous liver biopsy. The choroidal nodules were serially documented by fundus photography and fluorescein angiography over a 22-month period. Fluorescein angiography was more accurate than ophthalmoscopy...

Purpose To demonstrate the clinical pathologic correlation in a hemorrhagic choroidal melanoma. Observations A 52 year old patient presented with a large choroidal mass associated with vitreous and retinal hemorrhage. The eye was enucleated and histopathology demonstrated epithelioid-type MART1 positive tumor cells consistent with choroidal melanoma. The tumor had broken through Bruch's membr...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of gravity acceleration on choroidal and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Methods Thirteen healthy volunteers who planned to participate in human centrifuge training as part of the flight surgeon selection process enrolled this study. During centrifuge training, gra...

PURPOSE To examine longitudinal changes in choroidal thickness and axial length in a population of children with a range of refractive errors. METHODS One hundred and one children (41 myopes and 60 nonmyopes) aged 10 to 15 years participated in this prospective, observational longitudinal study. For each child, 6-month measures of choroidal thickness (using enhanced depth imaging optical cohe...

The authors make an update of pachychoroid in a group of the choroidal-retinal diseases that choroidal thickening is an usualenhanced depth image optic coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) finding like as central serous chorioretinopathy, pachychoroid neovasculopathy, polipoidal choroidal vasculopathy and pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy.

The purpose of the cross-sectional study is to describe the values and distribution of choroidal thickness and to explore its related factors, especially age, in Chinese children. A total of 3001 Chinese school children aged 6 to 19 years underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, including axial length and cycloplegic refraction. Choroidal thickness was measured by swept-source optical c...

PURPOSE To compare estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) receptor expression in the primary tumor of patients affected by choroidal metastases from breast carcinoma (BC) versus those with extraocular metastases. METHODS Eighteen consecutive patients affected by choroidal metastases from BC were included. We defined ER, PR, and HER2 positivity of the prim...

PURPOSE To analyze indocyanine green (ICG) angiographic findings of chorioretinal folds. METHODS Eight patients (9 eyes) in whom chorioretinal folds had been diagnosed were enrolled in this study. Color photography, fluorescein angiography (FA) and ICG angiography (IA) were performed. RESULTS Indocyanine green angiography demonstrated choroidal venous congestion and a filling delay of the c...

PURPOSE To report a case of diffuse peripapillary choroidal melanoma which began as a small choroidal nevus and was successfully treated with gamma knife radiotherapy. METHODS Observational case report. RESULTS A 31-year-old visually asymptomatic man presented for a routine eye examination and was noted to have a small choroidal nevus. Six years later, the lesion had become a diffuse juxtap...

Purpose. To report a case of atypical dome-shaped choroidal osteoma, which was diagnosed by histopathological finding of surgically extracted tumor. Case Report. A 35-year-old woman presented with visual field abnormality in the left eye (OS). Her best-corrected visual acuity with Landolt ring chart was 1.0 OS. The funduscopic examination revealed a yellowish dome-shaped choroidal tumor located...