The deposition of the polysaccharide chitin in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall is temporally and spatially regulated. Chitin synthase III (Chs3p) synthesizes a ring of chitin at the onset of bud emergence, marking the base of the incipient bud. At the end of mitosis, chitin synthase II (Chs2p) deposits a disk of chitin in the mother-bud neck, forming the primary division septum. Using in...

The CHS5 locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is important for wild-type levels of chitin synthase III activity. chs5 cells have reduced levels of this activity. To further understand the role of CHS5 in yeast, the CHS5 gene was cloned by complementation of the Calcofluor resistance phenotype of a chs5 mutant. Transformation of the mutant with a plasmid carrying CHS5 restored Calcofluor sensitivit...

Chitin, one of the most abundant biopolymers in nature, is a crucial material that provides sufficient rigidity to exoskeleton. In addition, chitin valuable substance both medical and industrial fields. The synthesis catalyzed by synthase (CHS) enzymes. Although pathway highly conserved from fungi invertebrates, CHSs have mostly only been investigated insects crustaceans. Especially, little kno...

The triangle sail mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii, is the most important freshwater pearl mussel in China. However, the mechanisms underlying its chitin-mediated shell and nacre formation remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized a chitin synthase (CS) gene (HcCS1) in H. cumingii, and analyzed its possible physiological function. The complete ORF sequence of HcCS1 contained 6903 bp, encoding a ...

background chitin and its derivatives (chitosan) are natural biopolymer produced from crustacean shell, which due to their active functional groups such as amine and hydroxyl have high ability to absorb heavy metals from water and wastewater. the aim of this study was to investigate zinc removal from aqueous solutions by using chitin extracted from shrimp shells. material and methods to study t...

Pathogen and pest management is a key element in agriculture. The Integrated Pest Management concept relies on the availability of an array of protective measures having different but complementary mechanisms. As a consequence, alternative strategies have to be developed. Because chitin occurs in the cell wall of fungi and in various structural components of arthropods, its metabolism has been ...

In fungi, as with all walled organisms, cytokinesis followed by septation marks the end of the cell cycle and is essential for cell division and viability. For yeasts, the septal cross-wall comprises a ring and primary septal plate composed of chitin, and a secondary septum thickened with β(1,3)-glucan. In the human pathogen Candida albicans, chitin synthase enzyme Chs1 builds the primary septu...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae chs2 mutants are unable to synthesize primary septum chitin, and myo1 mutants cannot construct a functional contractile ring. The morphology of the two mutants, as observed by electron microscopy, is very similar. In both cases, neither an invagination of the plasma membrane, which normally results from contraction of the actomyosin ring, nor generation of a chitin disc...

Lipo-chitinoligosaccharides (LCOs) are key molecules for the establishment of plant-microorganisms symbiosis. Interactions of leguminous crops with nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria involve Nod factors, while Myc-LCOs improve the association of most plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Both Nod factors and Myc-LCOs are composed of a chitinoligosaccharide fatty acylated at the non-reducing...