Effective Health Care s A Health of the Nation target is to reduce by one third the death rate from unintentional injury in children aged 14 and under by the year 2005. s There is good evidence that the use of cycle helmets and child car seat restraints can reduce serious injury to children involved in road traffic accidents. s Urban road safety measures such as the provision of crossing patrol...

BACKGROUND Child restraint safety seats (CRS) are used to prevent injuries or deaths among child passengers involved in a motor vehicle crash. When used outside of a motor vehicle, CRS use could potentially place an infant at risk of injury. The objective of the current study was to describe the proportion of CRS misuse injuries among infants <12 months old and associated factors presenting to ...

Approximately 132 agricultural tractor overturn fatalities occur per year. The use of rollover protective structures (ROPS), along with seat belts, is the best known method for preventing these fatalities. One impediment to ROPS use, however, is low clearance situations, such as orchards and animal confinement buildings. To address the need for ROPS that are easily adapted to low clearance situ...

OBJECTIVES This article presents the response of a child-size postmortem human subject using a booster seat in a series of three frontal impact sled tests. METHODS A 54-year-old female cadaver was seated in a booster seat in the rear seat of a buck representing a mid-sized American sedan. Two different restraint systems (conventional belt and pretensioning, force-limiting belt) were used to r...

This essay attempts to explore an intelligent design evaluation system dealing with the ergonomic comfort problems for the child car seat designers. The new intelligent comfort-evaluating (abbreviated as ICE) model is developed through two stages. The first stage is to perform an ergonomic experiment to find out the relations between the comfort and the interface pressures on the child subjects...

Introduction: Knowledge of how to correctly use the safety car seat is important ensure that children are properly protected during their journey. European child transportation standards apply in Poland, which also indicate type appropriate for youngest children. The purpose this survey assess healthcare professionals knowledge field and estimate percentage transported rearward facing seats. Cu...

When designing wheelchairs for use as motor vehicle seats, special design criteria must be followed to assure the crash safety of the wheelchair user. Failure of seating system components under crash loading conditions could lead to serious injury or fatality. In this study, seat and seat-back loading in a frontal crash are explored using computer simulation techniques. A previously validated s...

OBJECTIVE To determine if hands-on instruction in child safety seat (CSS) installation decreases the number of errors in installation. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Primary care offices, emergency department, CSS checkpoint. PARTICIPANTS Parents of children <2 years old receiving medical care or attending a CSS check. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Errors in CSS use. Results. Only 6.4% of...

Airbags have saved an estimated 2620 lives as of November 1997. However, airbags also have caused a number of injuries and deaths and have received a lot of publicity from the NHTSA and the media as a result. The majority of the injuries have occurred when seat belts and shoulder harnesses were not used properly in conjunction with airbags. This article describes an injury that apparently occur...