Pesticides have a pervasive presence in aquatic ecosystems throughout the world. While pesticides are intended to control fungi, insects, and other pests, their mechanisms of action are often not specific enough to prevent unintended effects, such as on non-target microbial populations. Microorganisms, including algae and cyanobacteria, protozoa, aquatic fungi, and bacteria, form the basis of m...

BACKGROUND Pesticides are an agricultural chemical suspected to be a significant contributor to a global diabetes pandemic. The purpose of this study was to confirm previous findings of the link between diabetes and some agricultural pesticides and to identify the particular pesticides that are most likely to pose a risk of diabetes in the community. METHODS A population-based case-controlled...

Experiments were carried out on the toxicity of selected insecticides and fungicides to the predatory mites species: Amblyseius swirskii, A. andersoni, and Phytoseiulus persimilis. Among the tested active substances: abamectin, hexytiazox, and spinosad were safe to the predators. The mortality level of the tested predator was comparable to the control treatment, seven days after application. Th...

Strobilurins are one of the most important classes of agricultural fungicide. Their invention was inspired by a group of fungicidally active natural products. The outstanding benefits they deliver are currently being utilised in a wide range of crops throughout the world. First launched in 1996, the strobilurins now include the world's biggest selling fungicide, azoxystrobin. By 2002 there will...

laboratory degradation studies were performed in water at ph 4.0, 7.0 and 9.2 using prochloraz (450 ec) formulation at the rates of 1.0 (t1) and 2.0 (t2) î¼g/ml. water samples collected on 0 (2h),3,7,15,30,45,60 and 90 days after treatments were processed for residue analysis of prochloraz by hplc-uv detector. in 60 days, dissipation was 89.12-90.53 % at ph 4.0, 84.10-88.17 % at ph 7.0, and 92....

Understanding potential health risks is a significant challenge due to the large numbers of diverse chemicals with poorly characterized exposures and mechanisms of toxicities. The present study analyzes 976 chemicals (including failed pharmaceuticals, alternative plasticizers, food additives, and pesticides) in Phases I and II of the U.S. EPA's ToxCast project across 331 cell-free enzymatic and...

The continuing development of fungicide resistance in plant and human pathogens necessitates the discovery and development of new fungicides. Discovery and evaluation of natural product fungicides is largely dependent upon the availability of miniaturized antifungal bioassays. Essentials for natural product bioassays include, sensitivity to microgram quantities, selectivity to determine optimum...

Fruits undergo numerous chemical, physical, and microbiological changes during storage that shorten their postharvest life, reducing shelf-life boosting food loss. Food quality safety are seriously threatened by infections, one of the factors behind deterioration mycotoxin contamination in fruits. The control is a big concern because there few management methods available. Several attempts have...

Spoilage of heat processed food and beverage by heat resistant fungi (HRF) is a major problem for food industry in many countries. Neosartorya fischeri is the leading source of spoilage in thermally processed products. Its resistance to heat processing and toxigenicity makes studies about Neosartorya fischeri metabolism and chemical sensitivity essential. In this study chemical sensitivity of t...