Abstract Due to the lack of observational data, understanding propagation characteristics temperature anomaly is mainly concentrated in sea surface and waters above thermocline. Little known about middle deep oceans. Based on gridded Argo we analyze along isodensity. We found that anomalies ocean layers propagate westward at most latitudes, which same direction as caused by oceanic Rossby waves...

Abstract Decadal variability of the North Pacific subtropical mode water (STMW) and its influence on upper thermocline mixed layer are examined in a four-dimensional variational ocean re-analysis for Western over 30 years (FORA–WNP30). The STMW that forms south Kuroshio Extension becomes thick/cold thin/warm decadal timescales. These variations subducted advected to south, where thick (thin) ca...

A set of evolution equations is derived for the modal coefficients in a weakly nonlinear nonhydrostatic internal-tide generation problem. The equations allow for the presence of large-amplitude topography, e.g. a continental slope, which is formally assumed to have a length scale much larger than that of the internal tide. However, comparison with results from more sophisticated numerical model...

The shallow overturning circulation of the oceans transports heat from the tropics to the mid-latitudes. This overturning also influences the uptake and storage of anthropogenic carbon (Cant). We demonstrate this by quantifying the relative importance of ocean thermodynamics, circulation and biogeochemistry in a global biochemistry and circulation model. Almost 2/3 of the Cant ocean uptake ente...

stratiRed (vertical gradients of potential temperature, salinity and potential density, averaged horizontally or in time, are zero). The terminology is most precise in the case of a convectively forced boundary layer. Elsewhere, oceanographers use the term loosely to describe the region of the ocean that responds most directly to surface processes. Late in the day, following periods of strong h...

Repeated observations in the North Pacific subtropical gyre near Hawaii reveal pronounced freshening (--0.15 psu) and cooling (--0.5øC) of the upper thermocline from 1991 through 1997. The freshening appears progressively later on deeper isopycnals consistent with subduction of surface salinity anomalies at higher latitudes and subsequent southward advection. Winter rainfall anomalies in the ce...

A numerical analysis is made on the appearance of oceanic internal solitary waves in a multi-modal setting. This is done for observed profiles of stratification from the Sulu Sea and the Bay of Biscay, in which thermocline motion is dominated by the first and third mode, respectively. The results show that persistent solitary waves occur only in the former case, in accordance with the observati...