globalization, increasing the global regulations of governmental and non-governmental organizations and customers’ request regarding to environmental compliance issues have led to organizations considering the green supply chain management to improve the environmental and economic performance. in order to maximize the efficiency of energy consumption and resources across the supply chain, green...

in this paper a two-stage supply chain with a buyer and seller have been studied. it is assumed that lead time is probabilistic and demand is fixed. in the decentralized model it can be observed each supply chain member try to make the decision to maximize their profits and it will effect on the other members of supply chain and in the comparison with centralized model with assuming the seller ...

lactobacilli, like the other gut commensal bacteria, are well known for their use in poultry nutrition and for their probiotic properties. however, little is known about their interaction with the gastro-intestinal tract when administered in vivo. to specifically monitor the passage of lactobacilli after administered in hatchery, lactobacillus plantarum was transformed with the recombinant vect...

in this paper we present explicit formulas for the eccentric connectivity index of three classesof chain hexagonal cacti. further, it is shown that the extremal chain hexagonal cacti withrespect to the eccentric connectivity index belong to one of the considered types. some openproblems and possible directions of further research are mentioned in the concluding section.

background: acute infectious diarrhea is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. objectives: the objective of this study was to characterize antimicrobial resistant diarrheagenic escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic children in tehran, ir iran. patients and methods: in total, 550 stool samples from diarrheic pediatric patients, aged less than 60 months...

abstract agricultural scientists have developed considerable interest in modeling and generation of rainfall as new ways of analyzing rainfall data and assessing its impact on agriculture. a combination of markov chain and gamma distribution function is recognized as a simple approach and is demonstrated to be effective in generating daily rainfall data for many environments. thus the availabil...

background: human papillomaviruses (hpvs) are the most common viruses which can be sexually transmitted. they can cause different malignancies in asymptomatic women. the association of hpvs with infertility among men and women is controversial. in the current study, the authors compared the frequency of hpvs in fertile and infertile women in the city of mashhad. materials and methods: in the pr...

results of 50 patients, 20 were men and 30 women with mean age of 61.1 ± 16.9 years ranged between 22 and 85 years. all samples of pterygia had positive results for adenoviruses dna with polymerase chain reaction, but none of the negative control groups displayed adenoviruses. the pterygium group and the control groups were β-globin positive. direct sequencing of pcr products confirmed adenovir...

background aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and tannerella forsythensis are two major pathogens in destructive periodontal disease in humans. the detection of these bacteria is needed for diagnosis and management of the mentioned diseases. objectives we aimed to develop and compare improved multiplex conventional and sybr green real time pcr assays for a specific diagnosis of the organisms...