BACKGROUND Cerebral emboli resulting from atherosclerosis at the carotid bifurcation is a major cause of ischemic stroke. A convenient and prompt evaluation is necessary for secondary prevention and treatment. METHODS In this study, one hundred and thirty eight patients with cerebral ischemic events were enrolled; 100 patients with nonischemic cerebral diseases were enrolled as controls. Noni...

THE cerebral hemodynamies of cerebrovaseular disease are not well understood. One limitation to their physiologic evaluation is the marked variability of human cerebrovascular disease. Important variations include the nature of the acute episode (i.e., thrombosis, embolus, hemorrhage with or without cerebral infarction) ; the amount of underlying cerebrovascular disease; the presence and degree...

Vascular wall injuries account for up to 80% of childhood strokes, excluding emboli of cardiac origin. Transient cerebral arteriopathy is a recently described entity that is increasingly recognized as an important cause. The cerebral arterial wall is thought to be affected by an inflammatory process related to certain infections. The authors report a 2.5-year-old girl with sudden left hemiplegi...

Purpose We investigated the pathophysiology of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) by evaluating the retina, brain, and carotid artery in patients with BRAO. Methods This study was a retrospective registry study. We used 46 eyes from 46 patients with acute BRAO and evaluated the medical history, including previous cardiovascular disease, and compared brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) a...

BACKGROUND While clinically symptomatic cerebral air embolism secondary to neuro-angiographic procedures is rare, the incidence in a large series of procedures is unknown. Understanding this complication's frequency and etiology is critical if systems are to be instituted to reduce its incidence. METHODS We prospectively reviewed 4,568 consecutive neuro-angiographic procedures performed betwe...

Background and Purpose: Cerebral embolism from extracranial sources is an important cause of ischemic stroke. The purpose of this limited study using long-term transcranial Doppler ultrasonographic monitoring was to estimate the frequency of clinically silent intracranial embolisms in patients with symptomatic extracranial carotid artery disease. Summary of Report: By means of a 2-MHz pulsed-wa...

OBJECTIVE To investigate changes in cognitive function following carotid endarterectomy (CEA). DESIGN Prospective study with controls. METHODS CEA patients (n=159) were compared to a urology surgery control group (n=20). In CEA patients cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) was measured preoperatively. During surgery emboli and blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery were measured by tran...