Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) raise various data privacy concerns. This article analyses regulatory frameworks for related to CBDCs in the Asia–Pacific region.

Debates persist on the effectiveness of externally driven Public Finance Management (PFM) reforms in developing countries, with limited empirical research and field investigations Central Asian region. This study collected evidence through Solution Leader Driven Change (SLDC) Problem Iterative Adaptation (PDIA) theoretical framework explanations, policy documents review, interview survey result...

preventive diplomacy, a concept promoted more than fifty years ago by dag hammarskjöld, former un secretary general, is now being institutionalized through united nations regional center for preventive diplomacy for central asia (unrcca), which is established for the purpose of peaceful settlements of disputes, and prevention of conflicts by using preventive and early warning mechanisms. the ce...

Drawing on 265 national sample surveys spanning 83 countries we find that there was a net decrease in the overall incidence of consumption poverty over 1987-98. But it was not enough to reduce the total number of poor by various definitions. The incidence of poverty fell in Asia and the Middle East—North Africa. It changed little in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa, and it rose sharply in E...

Globally, the perinatal mortality rate (PMR) is 53/1000 (7.5 million annual perinatal deaths) and the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is 36/1000 (5.1 million annual neonatal deaths). Of the 141 million annual livebirths, 127 million (90%) are born in developing countries, which, compared to developed countries, have a higher PMR (57/1000 vs 11/1000, 5.2x) and NMR (39/1000 vs 7/1000, 5.6x). Five m...

even though subsequent to the cold war, washington and moscow geostrategic competition came to an end in many parts of the world, a fresh rivalry has been sparked between them in central asia and the caucasus. this rivalry has been developed between regional and transregional powers with the aim of gaining geopolitical advantages, enhancement of security structures, dominance over energy resour...