The p25 triple gene block protein of Potato virus X (PVX) is multifunctional, participating in viral movement and acting as a suppressor of RNA silencing. The cell-to-cell movement of PVX is known to depend on the suppression function of p25. GFP-fused p25 accumulates in rod-like (RL) structures with intense fluorescence in cells. By monitoring the location of fluorescence at different times, w...

Patients with an inherited deficiency of the adherence glycoproteins LFA-1, Mac-i, and p150,95 are unable to mobilize polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL5) to peripheral sites of inflammation. LFA-ilMac-i/pi5O,95-deficient PMNL exhibited profoundly impaired movement stimulated by chemotactic factors when the cells were required to move over two-dimensional surfaces. Less impairment of movement w...

The movement of potexviruses through the cytoplasm to plasmodesmata (PD) and through PD to adjacent cells depends on the viral and host cellular proteins. Potexviruses encode three movement proteins [referred to as the triple gene block (TGB1-3)]. TGB1 protein moves cell-to-cell through PD and requires TGB2 and TGB3, which are endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-located proteins. TGB3 protein directs th...

UR-hel, a chimeric virus obtained by replacement of the RNA helicase domain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-U1 replicase with that from the TMV-R strain, could replicate similarly to TMV-U1 in protoplasts but could not move from cell to cell (K. Hirashima and Y. Watanabe, J. Virol. 75:8831-8836, 2001). It was suggested that TMV recruited both the movement protein (MP) and replicase for cell-to-ce...

ume changes were influencing cell movement. We also observed that the shape of the explant influenced the direction of cell migration. We propose that increased cell volume provides the driving impetus for the start of cell migration. The enlarged cells produce points of dislocations, which are determined by the physical constraints of the tissue, and that foreshadow and dictate the direction o...

Over the last four decades of research, numerous cell formation algorithms have been developed and tested, still this research remains of interest to this day. Appropriate manufacturing cells formation is the first step in designing a cellular manufacturing system. In cellular manufacturing, consideration to manufacturing flexibility and productionrelated data is vital for cell formation....