1. Introduction One of the most important recent applications of sonochemistry has been to the synthesis and modification of inorganic materials [1-5]. In liquids irradiated with high intensity ultrasound, acoustic cavitation drives bubble collapse producing intense local heating, high pressures, and very short lifetimes; these transient, localized hot spots drive high energy chemical reactions...

An in-depth process analysis of water jetting, a promising cost-effective drilling method for the exploration geothermal reservoirs, is presented. The jetting analyzed under submerged and pressurized conditions by complementary high-speed shadow imaging, particle image velocimetry, rock erosion analysis. shadowgraphy velocimetry experiments show that nozzle cavitation dominates process, it can ...