It is supposed that inertial cavitation plays a significant role in tissue damage during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). In this work we attempted to detect cavitation in tissue. In vivo experiments with pigs were conducted in a Dornier HM3 electrohydraulic lithotripter. Kidney alignment was made using fluoroscopy and B-mode ultrasound. Cavitation was detected by a dual passive ca...

doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2006.00644.x Previous studies indicate that conifers are vulnerable to cavitation induced by drought but in many cases, not by freezing. Rarely have vulnerability to drought and freezing stress been studied together, even though both influence plant physiology and the abundance and distribution of plants in many regions of the world. We studied vulnerability to droughta...

Vulnerability to water stress-induced cavitation was measured on 27 woody shrub species from three arid plant communities including chaparral, coastal sage and Mojave Desert scrub. Dry season native embolism and pre-dawn water potential, and both wet and dry season xylem specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks) were measured. Cavitation resistance, estimated as water potential at 50% loss in conduc...

We generally think of bubbles as benign and harmless and yet they can manifest the most remarkable range of physical effects. Some of those effects are the stuff of our everyday experience as in the tinkling of a brook or the sounds of breaking waves at the beach. But even these mundane effects are examples of the ability of bubbles to gather, focus and radiate energy (acoustic energy in the ab...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stones break better when the rate of shockwave (SW) delivery is slowed. It has been hypothesized that the greater cavitation accompanying a fast rate shields pulse propagation, thus interfering with the delivery of SW energy to the stone. We tested this idea by correlating waveforms measured at the SW focus with cavitation viewed using high-speed imaging. MATERIALS AND ...

This paper is primarily concerned with the acoustics of traveling bubble cavitation around foils or headforms. We begin with observations of individual bubbles and the acoustic signals they emit, our purpose being to identify areas of research which would enhance our tlriderstaridirig of the history of individual bubbles. Then we present some riumerical integrations of the Rayleigh/Plesset equa...

Development of nonviral gene transfer methods would be a valuable addition to the gene-therapy armamentarium, particularly for localized targeting of specific tissue volumes. Ultrasound can produce a variety of nonthermal bioeffects via acoustic cavitation including DNA delivery. Cavitation bubbles may induce cell death or transient membrane permeabilization (sonoporation) on a single cell leve...

The spatiotemporal dynamics of cavitation bubble growth and collapse in shock-wave lithotripsy in a free field was studied experimentally. The lithotripter was equipped with two independently triggerable layers of piezoceramics. The front and back layers generated positive pressure amplitudes of 30 MPa and 15 MPa, respectively, and -10 MPa negative amplitude. The time interval between the launc...

In the present paper we present an experimental investigation of the onset and detachment of leading edge cavitation. Tests are conducted in the LMH high speed cavitation tunnel on a 2-D Naca0009 hydrofoil having 100 mm chord length. Both Particle Image Velocimetry and flow visualisation are conducted for different test conditions. At low incidence angles, in the case of non cavitating flow, th...

Surface-Piercing Propellers (SPPs) have been widely used in high speed craft due to some desirable features such as high efficiency, omission of resistance of equipment attached to the propeller and proper functioning of cavitation. Unlike the submerged propellers, theoretical methods have no significant application on simulation of SPPsbecause of problems related to modeling of these propeller...