v Page Introduction Geologic Setting Hydrologic Setting Hypogenic Speleogenesis Coffee Cave Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements IV. CASTILE EVAPORITE KARST POTENTIAL MAP OF THE GYPSUM PLAIN, EDDY COUNTY, NEW MEXICO AND CULBERSON COUNTY, TEXAS: A GIS METHODOLOGICAL COMPARISON Abstract Introduction Geologic Setting Field Studies GIS Analyses Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements V. EPIGENE ...

Hard substrates host globally a rich biodiversity, orders of magnitude higher in species number than that in surrounding soft substrates. Among them, marine caves support unique biodiversity and fragile communities but suffer lack of quantitative data on their structure and function, hindering their conservation status assessment. A first approach to the non-destructive ecological monitoring of...

We report that two species of mouse-tailed bats (Rhinopoma microphyllum and R. cystops) hibernate for five months during winter in geothermally heated caves with stable high temperature (208C). While hibernating, these bats do not feed or drink, even on warm nights when other bat species are active. We used thermo-sensitive transmitters to measure the bats’ skin temperature in the natural hiber...

Existing methods of cave survey are time consuming and require significantly more time than naturally moving through the cave. The efficiency of these methods, even in the case of state-of-the-art laser-scanning technology, is fundamentally limited by the requirement that measurements be taken at static locations. We present a mobile approach to cave mapping, in which a lightweight 3D laser sca...

Caves share unique conditions that have led to convergent adaptations of cave-dwelling animals. In addition, local factors act as filters on regional species-pools shape the assemblage composition caves. Surveys 35 Levantine caves, distributed along a climate gradient from mesic in north Israel hyper-arid areas south Israel, were conducted test effect cave characteristics, location, climate, ba...

Architecture is not only a complex including materials and methods to provide a shelter for human beings, but also it is an expression of the society, which created that. Its form will be the reflection of values and religious orientation besides social maturity of the related society and its structure will narrate the nature, power and different dimensions of mythical and psychological aspects...

Overhead transmission lines are the main form of high-voltage and UHV long-distance transmission. When line path passes through limestone areas, mining areas others, possible existence karst caves mined-out under tower base will have a greater impact on stability foundation. According to previous detection experience, different underground cave forms requirements need choose suitable technology...

11.4 Caves and Other Subterranean Sites .......................... 327 11.4.1 The Cave Environment .................................................... 327 11.4.2 Light ................................................................................ 330 11.4.3 The Organisms and Their Response to the Environment .......................................................... 332 11.4.4 Calci fi catio...

To date, only morphological and anatomical descriptions of microwhip scorpions (Arachnida: Palpigradi) have been published. This very rare group is enigmatic not only in its relationships to other arachnids, but especially due to the fact that these animals dwell only underground (in caves, soil, and interstitial spaces). We observed the curious feeding habit of the microwhip scorpion Eukoeneni...