After Sep. 11, the Muslim people in USA were facing a critical situation of anti-Muslim hate crimes, which caused great impacts to Muslim people’s daily lives. The Muslim people’s social status and their lives therefore became the focused concern in the hostile urban environment. What is the Muslim people’s reaction and feel to this change? And how do they adapt themselves to the critical urban...

This paper attempts to define the common people of India in terms of levels of consumption and examines their socio-economic profile in different periods of time since the early 1990s with a view to assessing how the economic growth process has impacted on their lives. The findings should worry everyone. Despite high growth, more than three-fourths of Indians are poor and vulnerable with a leve...

Countries have long been concerned about the huge impacts that natural disasters have on society in developed and especially in developing countries. Unfortunately, societies have not adapted their frameworks of development to the natural environment surrounding them and the losses and costs associated with disasters of natural origin. On the contrary societal catastrophes are growing by the de...

iran is facing dust storms every year and frequently. this phenomenon has affected, especially in recent years, various aspects of people's lives. the aim of this research is iran’s seasonal clustering in terms of dust storms frequency with visibility less than 1000 and 500 m for the period of 1987–2008. for this purpose, we used the data of 87 synoptic stations that had suitable spatial d...