Calves were fed five different test meals: whole milk, skim milk, 3% whole casein solution, 3% whole casein in simulated milk ultrafiltrate, and whey. The digesta leaving the abomasum before feeding and during the first 7 postprandial hours were collected by fractions. After precipitation with 12% TCA, the amino acid compositions of the sediments and the supernatants were determined and compare...

Kappa-casein (κ-casein) is one of the most abundant milk proteins. Its main function is to avoid the aggregation of casein micelles, keeping them, and therefore calcium phosphate, in pockets in solution. In bovines, a κ-casein functional polymorphism has been associated with fat, calcium, and protein milk contents and faster curd contraction in cheese production. Quicker curd contraction reduce...

The proteins found in cow milk have been reported to cause systemic inflammation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is known to be involved in the development of several metabolic disorders including insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the effect of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) on ER stress is still controversial. This is why we want to investigate in this study whet...

Mammary epithelium differentiates in a stromal milieu of adipocytes and fibroblasts. To investigate cell-cell interactions that may influence mammary epithelial cell differentiation, we developed a co-culture system of murine mammary epithelium and adipocytes and other fibroblasts. Insofar as caseins are specific molecular markers of mammary epithelial differentiation, rat anti-mouse casein mon...

The effects of feeding dietary and defatted oyster meat on lipid metabolism were investigated in rats by comparing measurements with those of casein and soybean protein. In the first experiment, male rats were fed 0.1% and 1% cholesterol-supplemented diets containing casein, oyster or soybean protein under the same dietary level of protein (20%). The concentrations of serum and liver cholestero...

The production of therapeutic proteins from transgenic animals is one of the most important successes of animal biotechnology. Milk is presently the most mature system for production of therapeutic proteins from a transgenic animal. Specifically, β-casein is a major component of cow, goat and sheep milk, and its promoter has been used to regulate the expression of transgenic genes in the mammar...

It is known that niacin itself is not necessary in rats when tryptophan is given in adequate amounts, because rats can biosynthesize niacin from tryptophan. In our experiment, young rats were fed on a 20%, 40%, 60%, or 70% casein diet with or without niacin. The rats fed on the 20%, 40%, and 60% casein diets did not require niacin for growth, but the rats fed on the 70% casein diet needed it. T...

The structure of thin casein films prepared with spin-coating is investigated as a function of the calcium concentration. Grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy are used to probe the micelle structure. For comparison, the corresponding casein solutions are investigated with dynamic light-scattering experiments. In the thin films with added calcium three types...

This study was designed to compare the acute response of mixed muscle protein synthesis (MPS) to rapidly (i.e., whey hydrolysate and soy) and slowly (i.e., micellar casein) digested proteins both at rest and after resistance exercise. Three groups of healthy young men (n = 6 per group) performed a bout of unilateral leg resistance exercise followed by the consumption of a drink containing an eq...

An inverse relationship between Ca intake and BMI has been found in several studies. It has been suggested that Ca affects adipocyte metabolism via suppressing 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2-D3) and decreases fat absorption. We studied the effect of Ca and milk proteins (whey and casein) on body weight in C57Bl/6J mice. Male mice, age 9 weeks, were divided into three groups (ten mice ...