Predicted increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) are widely anticipated to increase biomass accumulation by accelerating rates of photosynthesis in many plant taxa. Little, however, is known about how soil-borne plant antagonists might modify the effects of elevated CO2 (eCO2), with root-feeding insects being particularly understudied. Root damage by insects often reduces rates of photos...

The first proof that heterotrophic, non-photosynthetic bacteria can fix carbon dioxide was presented in 1935 by Wood and Werkman (15). This investigation introduced the first experimental evidence that carbon dioxide serves as a building material in synthetic reactions of all forms of life, whether simple or complex. The synthesis of citric acid from oxalacetate by avian tissue was shown by Kre...

Background. Failure of orthodontic bracket bonds is a common occurrence during orthodontic treatment. Different techniques have been suggested in the literature to remove resin residues from the bracket bases and enamel surfaces to prepare the surfaces again after debonding. This study attempted to compare multiple rebond shear strengths (SBS) of debonded brackets following preparation with san...

Arytenoid edema following radiation therapy of laryngeal cancer may persist and make careful inspection and evaluation of the larynx difficult. Moreover, it may have serious impacts on functions such as breathing, swallowing, speech and voice. Conservative management such as antibiotics and steroid may be attempted but may be ineffective in progressive and severe cases of edema. We present four...

This article reviews the current and potential applications of laser technology in nonsurgical therapy for the treatment of periodontal diseases. Based on its various characteristics, such as ablation or vaporization, hemostasis, and sterilization effect, laser treatment may serve as an adjunct or alternative to conventional, mechanical periodontal therapy. The Carbon dioxide (CO2) and the Neod...

not flow in blocks). For example, if malfunction of the inspiratory valve results in decreased resistance, it is conceivable that more than half of the expiratory gases might enter the inspiratory limb. This, in conjunction with the gas mixing between carbon dioxide–containing expiratory gases and carbon dioxide–free fresh gases may cause the final portion of the inspiratory tidal volume to con...

OBJECTIVES Compare the use of carbon dioxide contrast medium with iodine contrast medium for the endovascular treatment of ilio-femoral occlusive disease in patients without contraindications to iodine. MATERIALS AND METHODS From August 2012 to August 2014, 21 consecutive patients with ilio-femoral occlusive disease who were eligible for endovascular treatment and lacked contraindications to ...

BACKGROUND Carbon dioxide concentration under ophthalmic drapes increases during eye surgery under local anaesthesia. A new prototype has been designed which combines continuous suction of carbon dioxide enriched air and continuous oxygen insufflation under ophthalmic drapes to prevent carbon dioxide accumulation in spontaneously breathing patients undergoing cataract surgery. METHODS In a pr...

Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot) is a fruit with exceptionally high levels of phenolic compounds which are accumulated mainly in the peel; hence, the majority remains in the leftovers after juice production. Extraction with the use of carbon dioxide in supercritical conditions was used to isolate phenolic compounds from the pomace. The effect of the process parameters (temperatur...

The agriculture sector has historically been a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into the atmosphere. Although the use of synthetic fertilizers is one of the most common widespread agricultural practices, over-fertilization can lead to negative economic and environmental consequences, such as high production costs, depletion of energy resources, and increased GHG emissions. Here, w...