IMPORTANCE Treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis is a considerable challenge for otolaryngologists. Many surgical techniques have been developed for the management of this entity to eliminate the need for tracheotomy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the success of the unilateral carbon dioxide laser endoscopic posterior cordotomy technique for bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis. DESIGN A r...

A continuous flow system was used to study the interactions between carbon dioxide and ethylene in intact sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants. An increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide above the ambient level (0.033%) in the atmosphere surrounding the plants increased the rate of ethylene production, and a decrease in carbon dioxide concentration resulted in a decrease in the rate ...

A new era in dermatological cosmetology, especially in the field of nonsurgical skin rejuvenation, started with ablative resurfacing, at first by carbon dioxide laser and later by Er:YAG or their combination. Although ablative lasers result in major improvements in photodamaged skin, the related postoperative recovery time and side effects are currently unacceptable for most patients. During th...

Absorption coefficients of the carbon dioxide (CO2) were measured at atmospheric pressure and room temperature by photoacoustic technique with a cw, line-tunable, frequency stabilized CO2 laser. The CO2 laser spectrum of our system consists in 53 lines with wavelengths ranging from 9.2 μm to 10.8 μm and power levels below 5 W. Measured values of the CO2 absorption coefficients are typically of ...

The development of fractional photothermolysis is a milestone in the history of laser technology and cutaneous resurfacing. Based on the concept that skin is treated in a fractional manner, where narrow cylinders of tissue are thermally heated and normal adjacent skin is left unaffected, the fractional devices have shown effectiveness in treating a variety of conditions. Since its development, ...

Vestibuloplasty involves a series of surgical procedures designed to restore alveolar ridge height by lowering the muscles attached to the buccal, labial, and lingual aspects of the jaws. The technique is indicated in cases of insufficient vestibular depth that may result from atrophy of the alveolar ridge and/or high attachment of muscle or movable mucosa. This article focuses on a carbon diox...

elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and other green house gases have increased the earth temperature in recent century, which it affects all biochemistry cycles in soils. to examine the effect of atmospheric co2 concentration and temperature on n forms in soil solution in a calcareous soil, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement in the laborator...

in one side the negative effects of increasing of concentration of carbon dioxide in the world, and in the other side, the positive effects of greenhouse enrichment by such gas is one of the most important reasons in researching of this gas on different plants. for assessment of the effects of carbon dioxide and light regimes in different genotypes of pansy (viola tricolor) a factorial experime...