This paper outlines the first methodology for recording dental enamel hypoplasia in the highcrowned dentition of modern and archaeological caprine teeth. The method has been developed and trialed on five caprine populations from Orkney (UK); two modern populations (Shetland and North Ronaldsay breeds) and three Neolithic assemblages from the archaeological sites of Knap of Howar, Skara Brae and...

A specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was applied for identification of bovine (Bos taurus), ovine (Ovis aries) and caprine (Capra hircus) pure and binary mixtures of raw and heat-processed meats. These meats are used in food industry products and/or for direct consumption of consumers. The mitochondrial DNA was amplified as a template in a PCR reaction by use of specific primers re...

To study the relationships between herpesvirus recently isolated from different pinniped species, antigenic and genetic analyses were performed. First, herpesviruses isolated from North American harbour seals (Phoca vitulina), a Californian sea lion (Zalophus californianus) and a European grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) were examined in an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with a panel of monoclonal anti...

Five novel herpesviruses were identified in suid species from Africa (common warthog, Phacochoerus africanus) and South-East Asia (bearded pig, Sus barbatus; babirusa, Babyrousa babyrussa) by detection and analysis of their DNA polymerase genes. Three of the novel species, P. africanus cytomegalovirus 1, P. africanus lymphotropic herpesvirus 1 (PafrLHV-1) and S. barbatus lymphotropic herpesviru...

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) immortalizes human CD4+ T lymphocytes in culture. Previous studies show that in the context of a herpesvirus saimiri vector, the sequence of the X region at the 3' end of the HTLV-1 genome is also capable of immortalizing CD4+ lymphocytes in the absence of HTLV-1 structural proteins. The X region of HTLV-1 encodes two trans-acting viral proteins, the ...

The family Herpesviridae is a large, diverse family of double-stranded enveloped DNA viruses. Herpes B virus (BV) and Cercopithecine herpesvirus 2 (CeHV-2) are simian herpesvi-ruses. Like herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), they belong to the a-herpesvirus subfamily. interest in BV infections results from the observation that zoonotic infections often result in death of humans, whereas infection of...