A bstract This work resolves a longstanding tension between the physically-expected stability of microcanonical ensemble for gravitating systems and fact that known negative mode asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black hole decays too rapidly at infinity to affect ADM energy boundary term infinity. The key our study is we fix an appropriate off-shell notion energy, which obtain by constructing ...

It is shown that a quantized Schwarzschild black hole, if described by a square root energy spectrum with exponential multiplicity, can be treated as a microcanonical ensemble without problem leading to the expected thermodynamical properties. PACS: 04.60.Kz; 04.70.Dy; 97.60.Lf Recently H.A.Kastrup [1-3] made the interesting observation that a Schwarzschild black hole with energy spectrum En = ...

The existing thermodynamics of the cosmological horizon in de Sitter spacetime is established in the micro-canonical ensemble, while thermodynamics of black hole horizons are established in the canonical ensemble. Generally in the ordinary thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, both of the micro-canonical and canonical ensembles yield the same equation of state for any thermodynamic system. ...

We revisit the microscopic description of AdS$_3$ black holes in light recent progress on their higher dimensional analogues. The grand canonical partition function that follows from AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ correspondence describes BPS and nearBPS hole thermodynamics. formulate an entropy extremization principle accounts for both a constraint its charges, close analogy with asymptotically AdS dimension...