Contextual nets, or Petri nets with read arcs, are models of concurrent systems with context dependent actions. The problem of reachability in such nets consists in finding a sequence of transitions that leads from the initial marking of a given contextual net to a given goal marking. The solution to this problem that is presented in this paper consists in constructing a finite complete prefix ...

In this paper, a generic pitch marks filtering algorithm (PMFA) is introduced in order to achieve reliable and smooth pitch marks from any input pitch tracking or marking algorithm. The proposed PMFA is a simple yet effective filtering process based on restricted dynamic programming, but very helpful for minimizing human intervention when creating large speech corpora. Moreover, this work intro...

Denial of Service attacks have become one of the most serious threats to the Internet community. An effective means to defend against such attacks is to locate the attack source(s) and to isolate it from the rest of the network. This paper proposes an adaptive packet marking scheme for IP traceback, which supports two types of marking, namely source router id marking and domain id marking. For ...

Across languages of the world, some grammatical patterns have been argued to be more common than expected by chance. These are sometimes referred to as (statistical) language universals. One such universal is the correlation between constituent order freedom and the presence of a case system in a language. Here, we explore whether this correlation can be explained by a bias to balance productio...

Distributed denial-of-service attack is one of the greatest threats to the Internet today. One of the biggest diiculties in defending against this attack is that attackers always use incorrect, or \spoofed" IP source addresses to disguise their true origin. In this paper, we present a packet marking algorithm which allows the victim to traceback the approximate origin of spoofed IP packets. The...

It is argued that varying word-order is related not to the marking on the arguments indicating their grammatical relations but to the syntax of object. The flexible word-order in Japanese and the lack thereof in Chinese may be attributed to the presence or absence of argument-marking, but evidence from Naxi shows that although argument-marking may help identify the semantic roles of the argumen...

The linguistic phenomenon of recurrence is identified in two aspects; either as a repetition an action or restoration to former state. This paper examines lexical items, auxiliary verb san and adverb (e)bio , which encode this Akan. marker claimed be the output grammaticalization process has its historical input phonologically identical with restorative meaning. Even though diachronically assoc...