it is necessary to care the quantity and quality of the water resources especially in arid and semi-arid regions. shahrekord plain where it has a 551 km2 total area, groundwater is discharging almost 255 mcm annually and uses for drinking and agriculture. the main objective of this study was classification of groundwater quality and comparison with the drinking water standard limits in shahreko...

iran is one of the main date (phoenix dactylifera) producing countries in the world. however, little information is available on the pollen viability and favorable storage conditions of iranian male date cultivars. this study was conducted to estimate the best in vitro pollen germination of three male date palm cultivars, `ghanami’, `samsmavi’ and `gheibani’ using various doses of boric acid (0...

Cellulose aerogels (CAs) from plant or bacterial-derived cellulose have advantages such as low density, high porosity, and specific surface area been used in various applications including biomedical fields. One limiting factor developing CAs is their demanding shaping process since it involves several steps of dissolution/dispersion cellulose, geometry configurations using molds nozzles, coagu...

Septic tanks are the second largest source of groundwater nitrate contamination in Nebraska. In this study, the feasibility of coupling a conventional lateral field with a sulfur/limestone layer to treat nitrate in septic tank effluent was investigated using column reactors to simulate the septic tank soil adsorption system. The effects of different hydraulic loading rates, nitrogen loading rat...

The chemical composition of submicron (fine mode) and supermicron (coarse mode) aerosol particles has been investigated at the Jungfraujoch high alpine research station (3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland) as part of the GAW aerosol monitoring program since 1999. A clear seasonality was observed for all major components throughout the period with low concentrations in winter (predominantly free troposp...

Nitrous oxide (N2O) from nitrogen fertilizers applied to sugarcane has high environmental impact on ethanol production. This study aimed to determine the main microbial processes responsible for the N2O emissions from soil fertilized with different N sources, to identify options to mitigate N2O emissions, and to determine the impacts of the N sources on the soil microbiome. In a field experimen...

The crystal structures of the title 1,4-bis(4-cyanobenzyl)piperazine (1) and 1,4-bis(4-amidinobenzyl)piperazine tetrahydrochloride tetrahydrate (2) are reported. Compound (1) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P\bar 1 and compound (2) in the monoclinic space group P21/n. In both (1) and (2) the asymmetric unit contains one half of the molecule because the central piperazine rings were lo...

In the title salt hydrate, C2H10N2 (2+)·C12H10N2O6 (2-)·4H2O, each of the ions is located about a centre of inversion and the asymmetric unit is completed by two water molecules in general positons. In the crystal, the cations, anions and water mol-ecules are connected by O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding into a three-dimensional network.

Adding nitrate to the diet or increasing the concentration of dietary lipid are effective strategies for reducing enteric methane emissions. This study investigated their effect on health and performance of finishing beef cattle. The experiment was a two×two×three factorial design comprising two breeds (CHX, crossbred Charolais; LU, Luing); two basal diets consisting of (g/kg dry matter (DM), f...