Left atrial and dural calcification in chronic renal failure is very rare. Massive atrial calcification can lead to arrhythmia and diagnosis of this condition is important to take prophylactic measures in dialysis patients. Noninvasive diagnosis of left atrial calcification is also important as it can complicate valvular surgery. We report on a patient with chronic renal failure presenting with...

Idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy is a rare condition characterized by extensive calcification and stenosis of large and medium sized arteries. A ten day old female baby developed sudden shortness of breath and was treated with oxygen and antibiotics. Antenatal echocardiography showed calcification of the aorta and pulmonary arteries. Autopsy examination revealed extensive calcificat...

An estimated two million Americans suffer from chemosensory disorders. We present the clinical and imaging findings in three hyposmic patients with bilateral olfactory bulb calcification detected by CT. To our knowledge, these are the first cases of olfactory bulb calcification reported in the literature. A review of the literature concerning calcification of cranial nerves, olfactory neuritis,...

The present experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that artery calcification is linked to bone resorption by determining whether the selective inhibition of bone resorption with the bisphosphonates alendronate and ibandronate will inhibit artery calcification. Artery calcification was first induced by treatment of 42-day-old male rats with warfarin, a procedure that inhibits the ga...

Constrictive pericarditis is caused by fibrosis and calcification of the pericardium, which inhibits diastolic filling of the heart. Chest roentgenogram can show the calcification as a mass or sheet over the heart and computed tomography scan allows anatomic delineation of the pericardium and determines the extent of calcification. We reported a case of eggshell calcification of idiopathic chro...

Basal ganglia calcification was found as an incidental finding in 42 out of 7000 patients who underwent computed tomography. The calcification showed on plain skull radiography when the maximum density on computed tomography exceeded 100 Hounsfield units. The 26 patients with basal ganglia calcification detected on computed tomography who were available for follow-up, were investigated with mat...

A 79-year old man was admitted for heart failure. Calcification of the pericardium was discovered on X-ray (Fig. 1). Cardiac computed tomography revealed a unique atrioventricular calcification ring along the atrioventricular groove (Fig. 2). Angiography also demonstrated a special calcification ring (Supplementary Video 1). Constrictive pericarditis was diagnosed. Pericardiectomy was successfu...

Patients with end-stage renal failure treated by haemodialysis have a marked increased risk for cardiovascular death. These patients have both an accelerated form of arteriosclerosis with calcification in atheromatous intimal plaques and also medial calcification due to Monckeberg’s. In extreme cases soft tissue calcification can lead to calciphylaxis resulting in skin ulceration, amputation an...

Vitamin K was discovered early last century at the same time as the vitamin K-antagonists. For many years the role of vitamin K was solely ascribed to coagulation and coagulation was thought to be involved only at the venous blood side. This view has dramatically changed with the discovery of vitamin K-dependent proteins outside the coagulation cascade and the role of coagulation factors at the...

Physiological intracranial calcification occurs in about 0.3-1.5% of cases. It is asymptomatic and detected incidentally by neuroimaging. Pathological basal ganglia calcification is due to various causes, such as: metabolic disorders, infectious and genetic diseases. Hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism are the most common causes of pathological basal ganglia calcification. Besides t...