This lecture introduces testing methods for the protection of children in vehicles. In order to reduce the fatalities and injuries of children in transportation state of the art child protection is mandatory. Global laws and regulations such as ECE or FMVSS are introduced and compared with New Car Assessment programs (NCAP). Engineering tools and equipment to test according to global child prot...

Photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate poly 3-hexylthiophene P3HT , 6,6 -phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester PCBM , and their blends on various conductive substrates. The study shows a P3HT-rich layer at the top of the P3HT:PCBM blend films. The energy level alignment of the top P3HT changes with the work function of the substrate and the PCBM concentration at the bottom surface of...

We fabricated and studied the electrical and photovoltaic properties of organic solar cell based on poly (3hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as an electron donor blended with the acceptor [6, 6]-Phenyl C61-Butyric Acid 3Ethylthiophene Ester (modified fullerene). The active layer composed of (3:1, w/w) mixture of P3HT and the modified fullerene was sandwiched between indium tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum (Al...

Pronounced ferromagnetism was observed in a crystalline blend film of conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) by using magnetic force microscopy measurements. A substantial room-temperature saturation magnetization of about 0.65 emu g−1 was measured by an alternating gradient field magnetometer. Multiple experimental evidences demonstrate...

This study examined the relationship between economic growth and energy consumption in period 1986–2015 for 15 selected developed countries. In this study, which dynamic panel analysis method was used, cross-section dependence homogeneity tests were taken into account. Accordingly, unit root cointegration decided. According to test results, it has been determined that there is a long-term consu...

This paper sets up a two-sector, two-period trade model of a developing country which is abundant in a non-renewable natural resource but scarce in industrial goods. It shows that lower future travel costs, rising demand for tourism and higher preferences for the environment slow down today’s optimal depletion of the natural resource that can be used for consumption or for exporting tourism ser...

In recent years, there has been increasing emphasis in the rural development literature on the multiple income-generating activities undertaken by rural households and the importance of assets in determining the capacity to undertake these activities. Controlling for endogeneity choice and applying Lee's generalization of Amemiya's two-step estimator to a simultaneous equation model, household ...