PURPOSE To determine the stoichiometry of Na+,K+,Cl- cotransport in fetal human nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells and the effect of forskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator, on Na+,K+,Cl- cotransport. METHODS 86Rb+ as a marker for K+ was used to study ouabain-insensitive, bumetanide-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake in cultured human nonpigmented epithelial (NPE) monolayers. RESULTS The dependence...

To investigate the interaction between the ion channels and transporters in the salivary fluid secretion, we measured the membrane voltage (V(m)) and intracellular concentrations of Ca(2+), Na(+) ([Na(+)](c)), Cl(-), and H(+) (pH(i)) in rat submandibular gland acini (RSMGA). After a transient depolarization induced by a short application of acetylcholine (ACh; 5 muM, 20 s), RSMGA showed strong ...

Barakol is a purified extract of Cassia siamea, a plant that has been used as a laxative in traditional medicine. In this study, the effect of barakol on anion transport across the rat colon epithelium was investigated. Colonic epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers and bathed with Ringer's solution. Addition of 1 mM barakol to the basolateral solution produced a slow increase in short-circu...

In the present study we investigated in vivo the effects of pharmacological manipulation of retinal processing on the response properties of direction selective retinal slip cells in the nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus (NOT-DTN), the key visuomotor interface in the pathway underlying the optokinetic reflex. Employing a moving visual stimulus consisting of either a large d...

In order to clarify the effects on sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle of methazolamide (a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor), chlorothiazide and the loop diuretics frusemide and bumetanide, superficial loops were perfused in vivo in anaesthetized rats and the individual diuretics were included in the perfusate. Differentiation between effects in the pars recta and in the thick ascending limb o...

Slow waves (slow wavesICC) were recorded from myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-MY) in situ in the rabbit small intestine, and their properties were compared with those of mouse small intestine. Rabbit slow wavesICC consisted of an upstroke depolarization followed by a distinct plateau component. Ni(2+) and nominally Ca(2+)-free solutions reduced the rate-of-rise and amplitude of the u...

PURPOSE To determine whether the Na+-K+-2Cl- symport or the parallel Na+/H+ and Cl-/HCO3- antiports provide the dominant pathway for NaCl uptake into the ciliary epithelium. Both pathways are known to support NaCl entry from the stroma into the pigmented ciliary epithelial (PE) cells, after which Na+ and Cl- diffuse across the gap junctions into the nonpigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells a...

In isolated sweat glands, bumetanide inhibits sweat secretion. The mRNA encoding bumetanide-sensitive Na(+)-K(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter (NKCC) isoform 1 (NKCC1) has been detected in sweat glands; however, the cellular and subcellular protein localization is unknown. Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE) isoform 1 (NHE1) protein has been localized to both the duct and secretory coil of human sweat duct; howev...