the main goal of this research is studying the causative & effect of deficit budget, money offering and inflation rate in iran during 1360-1390. the results in long time indicates that the bulk of money has had positive effect & meaning on inflation rate during that time and alteration of budget deficit of the government has also positive effect on inflation but by meaningless impress, in other...

the twin deficits (budget deficit and current account deficit) have been argued in the economic literature since 1980s. this is a period in which the studies about budget deficit and the current account deficit were significantly increased in the united states. in the economic literature, there are two hypothesis: keynesian hypothesis and ricardian equivalence. the keynesian proposition confirm...

The advantages of activity-based costing include promoting the basic budget activities and improving management activities, process activity chain (value chain). Activity-based method, as an important tool cost in accounting, extends to whole value-chain enterprise, it also effectively changes limitation focus law manufacture on study concerning making certain products, thus offering adequate h...

evidence provided from studies in iran points to a possible bias in application of the standard epi cluster sampling procedure, when carried out in populations with highly variant birth rates, tends to over-represent the low birth rate, i.e. higher socio-economic, strata, and if the entity under study shows significant socio-economic gradient, then the estimates arrived at by this method might ...

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Problem setting. The budgets that make up the budget system of our state have a horizontal and vertical structure. structure provides for separation such elements as revenues expenditures, – general special funds. Note category “fund” is multifaceted used by many branches law. It significant legal problems regulation funds were subject scientific analysis L. K. Voronova, O. Dmytryk, D. A. Musab...

This paper examines the impact of independent budget analysis and advocacy initiatives that are designed to improve budget transparency and government expenditure priorities. It draws on six case studies of independent budget groups in Brazil, Croatia, India, Mexico, South Africa, and Uganda, which include non-governmental organisations, research institutions and social movements. The findings ...

OBJECTIVES Research has shown that effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and severity of illness each play a role in drug reimbursement decisions. However, the role of budget impact in such decisions is less obvious. Policy makers almost always demand a budget impact estimate yet seem reluctant to formally include budget impact as a rationing criterion. Health economists even reject budget impact ...