Formoterol is a beta2-agonist that has both short and long acting bronchodilator effects. Beta2-agonists used as bronchodilators have been synthesized as racemates that comprise (R,R) and (S,S)-enantiomers. Compounds that are beta2-selective derive their bronchodilator effect from an interaction between the (R,R)-enantiomer and the beta2-adrenoceptor. Arformoterol is the (R,R)-enantiomer and is...

Tulobuterol patches are long-acting bronchodilators for percutaneous absorption including the β(2)-adrenoreceptor agonist tulobuterol, as a main ingredient, used for long-term management of pediatric asthma. Since patients who have pediatric asthma often also have atopic dermatitis in which the skin barrier is impaired, we compared the skin penetration profiles of the brand and generic patches ...

Pco,2 artificial ventilation should be considered, though it presents considerable practical difficulties. If infection is thought to be playing an important part, broad-spectrum antibiotics such as amoxycillin or co-trimoxasole should be given. With this regimen there is usually considerable improvement in 48 to 72 hours, after which the drip can be discontinued and the patient maintained on i...

OBJECTIVES This report shows the results of a nation-wide survey on spirometry to assess regional differences. METHODS Observational cross-sectional study conducted by means of a telephone survey in 805 primary care (PC) and specialized centers (SC) in all regions. The survey contacted technicians in charge of spirometry and consisted of 36 questions related to the test. RESULTS The results...

In the UK, diseases that cause airflow obstruction are common. About 5.1 million people receive treatment for asthma and about 600,000 people are diagnosed as having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although this is likely to be an underestimate (British Thoracic Society, 2001).

Readers of the European Respiratory Journal are well aware that asthma is an important healthcare concern. Current treatments include glucocorticoids, leukotriene antagonists, long-acting bronchodilators, monoclonal antibodies directed at interleukin (IL)5, IgE, and IL13, and a degree of chemotherapy in cost and degree of complexity becoming close kin to individualised treatment for cancer, and...

Influencing the progression of COPD has long been an elusive goal of drug therapy. Directly or indirectly, this has again been investigated in two of the largest, long-term drug trials in COPD: Towards a Revolution in COPD Health (TORCH) and Understanding Potential Long-Term Impacts on Function with Tiotropium (UPLIFT). Neither trial achieved statistical significance in their respective primary...

Rutter, N., Milner, A. D., and Hiller, E. J. (1975). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 50, 719. Effect of bronchodilators on respiratory resistance in infants and young children with bronchiolitis and wheezy bronchitis. Respiratory resistance was measured using a forced oscillation technique in 16 infants and young children with bronchiolitis and wheezy bronchitis. Measurements were made before...

Results Data comprised 14 males, 35 females, mean age 54yrs (31-72), 82 % never-smokers. 44 had post bronchodilator studies. FEF75 or FEF25-75 < 65% were categorised as SAW disease. Pre bronchodilator (Pre-BD) Mean FEV1/ FVC was 78% (70-91%), however Mean FEF75 and FEF25-75 (% predicted) were 34.5% and 43.3% respectively. 6 patients had both, a reversibility in FEV1 >12% and increase by 200ml. ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the asthma control program in Londrina, Paraná State, Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study, comparing a family health unit (USF) with a consolidated program with two USFs without one. Interviews were performed with 313 asthma patients, 168 from the USF with a consolidated program and 145 from the USFs without one. In the studied sample, there were ...