This paper addresses the problem of comparing different variants of the same process. We aim to detect relevant differences between processes based on what was recorded in event logs. We use transition systems to model behavior and to highlight differences. Transition systems are annotated with measurements, used to compare the behavior in the variants. The results are visualized as transitions...

First and 2nd graders (N = 28?) receiving Title I services received 1 of 3 kinds of classroom reading programs: direct instruction in letter-sound correspondences practiced in decodable text (direct code); less direct instruction in systematic sound-spelling patterns embedded in connected text (embedded code); and implicit instruction in the alphabetic code while reading connected text (implici...

This paper describes a machine translation (MT) evaluation (MTE) research program which has benefited from the availability of two collections of source language texts and the results of processing these texts with several commercial MT engines (DARPA 1994, Doyon, Taylor, & White 1999). The methodology entails the systematic development of a predic tive relationship between discrete, well-defin...

NYSE and NASDAQ listed firms are required to have a majority of independent directors starting 2004. Since the regulation can weaken CEO influence over the board, affected CEOs may counter it by building a closely aligned team of top executives to strengthen their structural power. Using a differences-indifferences approach, we find that affected CEOs fill their executive suites with significan...

The numbers of Somali immigrants in Sweden has increased during the last years and there is a need of more competence for teaching Swedish as a second language to this group.Star This paper investigates aspects of difficulties in the pronunciation of Swedish for Somali speakers. Recordings of two Somali speakers living in Sweden have been analyzed and it is obvious that there are pronunciation ...

In World War II, the Soviet mobilisation of industry appears to have been more successful than the German. Yet in terms of prewar resources and ex ante mobilisation potential there is no obvious reason why this should have been the case. In production, resources, and mobilisation preparations there were many similarities. The obvious differences were mostly to the Soviet disadvantage. Yet the S...

Researchers interested in the history of the Indo-European family of languages have used a variety of methods to estimate the phylogeny of the family, and have obtained widely differing results. In this paper we explore the reconstructions of the IndoEuropean phylogeny obtained by using the major phylogeny estimation procedures on an existing database of 336 characters (including lexical, phono...

Training aims at supporting student in developing specific physical skills. Therefore developer has to design effective modules for such purpose. He must develop his modules so that to represent/simulate all training activities via computer screen. According to our experience, such e-training modules are more complex as well as difficult than e-learning modules. Idea of research is to develop e...

E and policymakers have observed gender differences in a number of different domains, including consumption, investment and, perhaps of most concern, in the labor market (see Francine D. Blau and Lawrence M. Kahn 2000 for a review). It is often hypothesized that these differences are caused by preference differences between the genders. In this article, we review experimental evidence on prefer...

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an approach to developing word lists centred on etymological roots would improve the spelling performance of older primary school students. Participants were 46 students in the last year of primary school in south-east Queensland (31 girls and 15 boys) across three classes, with two classes being assigned to control conditions. Students were ...