The low-voltage circuit breaker has been used for many years for network and persons protection. The review papers existing on these devices generally deal with electrical aspects or macroscopic information on the arc but few concern the “fine” understanding of arc behaviour from its ignition between the opening contact to the current limitation stage due to its presence in the splitter plates....

This report reanalyzes data from a survey of Ground-Fault Current Interrupters (GFCIs), conducted by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). In that study, participating home inspectors in a number of cities added testing of receptacle and circuit breaker GFCIs to their normal home inspections. The home inspectors reported this data to NEMA. Also as part of the study, homeowne...

Owing to very rapid growth in electronics and technology, it has become very essential to maintain power quality at the consumer end. Since power quality has vast no of assets, mainly important and frequently occurring disturbances are considered in this paper. Power quality is mainly defined by disturbances associated with voltage. However, the voltage disturbances can be classified based on t...

The state of the energy-absorption branch MOV in hybrid DC circuit breaker (DCCB) has a very important impact on short fault breaking operation breaker. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate MOV, which also called “sleep component”. Due DCCB being placed indoors, aging mainly caused by short-circuit impulse current. this paper focuses study characteristics MOV. dynamic simulation system was bu...

Let [Formula: see text] denote the length of a shortest path between vertices and in graph with vertex set text]. For positive integer text], let A is distance-[Formula: resolving if for distinct In this paper, we study maker-breaker game (MB[Formula: text]RG) played on by two players, Maker Breaker, who alternately select not yet chosen. wins selecting which form whereas Breaker preventing fro...

Here, we report a form of oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis for precision genome editing in plants that uses single-stranded oligonucleotides (ssODNs) to precisely and efficiently generate genome edits at DNA strand lesions made by DNA double strand break reagents. Employing a transgene model in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we obtained a high frequency of precise targeted genome edits...

To reduce the pressure on contacts and circuit breaker and realize the zone selective interlocking (ZSI) function above the instantaneous protection threshold (e.g., >10In), the short circuit current needs to be early detected. The state-of–art of early short circuit detection (ESCD) method is reviewed. Based on the equivalent model of the short circuit, a new method based on the current and it...

The distribution of endomorphins (EM) 1 and 2 in the human brain inversely correlates with cerebral neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD), implying a protective role. These endogenous opioid peptides incorporate aromatic residues and a β-breaker motif, as seen in several optimized inhibitors of Aβ aggregation. The activity of native endomorphins was studied, as well as the rationally de...

Here, we report a form of oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis for precision genome editing in plants that uses single-stranded oligonucleotides (ssODNs) to precisely and efficiently generate genome edits at DNA strand lesions made by DNA double strand break reagents. Employing a transgene model in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we obtained a high frequency of precise targeted genome edits...