Dielectric breakdown measurements were conducted on self-assembled monolayer (SAM)/native silicon oxide hybrid dielectrics using conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). By depositing silane coupling agents (SCAs) through a diffusional barrier layer, SAM roughness was decoupled from chemistry to compare the chemical effects of exposed R-group functionality on dielectric breakdown. Using Weib...

One of the cardinal properties of the insulation system of the electrical equipment is its electrical strength. Usually it is expressed as value of breakdown voltage. There is not electrical destruction of material under this one. The determination of breakdown voltage exactly is possible only by doing electrical strength test. It is a destructive test on insulation system made by solid materia...

The movement of ions through the cell membrane is in the literature and in textbooks explained by the action of protein ion channels. An exception is the field of electroporation. Electroporation is a temporary reversible electrical breakdown induced by lipid channels in the membrane. The lipid channels are caused by large trans membrane voltages, hence the pore models of electroporation are no...

polyethylene glycol (peg) is a hydrophilic polymer, known to be capable to fuse numerous single cells in vitro, to join the membranes of adjacent neurons and giant invertebrate axons, and to seal damaged neural membranes. the molecular mechanism of the action of peg is still unknown. it is believed that peg dehydrates membranes and enables their structural components to resolve and rearrange in...