Data collected from four distinct canopy positions from each of 39 Abies balsamea (L.) Miller trees were used to construct models to describe the cumulative leaf area distribution within the crown and to predict the needle mass of individual branches, the average branch angle, branch diameter, branch length, and crown radius per whorl, and the average number of living branches per whorl. We tes...

Indirect branch prediction is likely to become more important in the future because indirect branches tend to be more frequent in object-oriented programs. With indirect branch prediction misprediction rates of around 25% on current processors, such branches can incur a significant fraction of branch misses even though indirect branches are less frequent than the more predictable conditional br...

Most of the prediction mechanisms predict a single path to continue the execution on a branch. Alternatively, we may exploit parallelism from either possible paths of a branch, discarding wrong paths once the branch is resolved. This paper proposes a concept of Adaptive Branch Trees (ABT) to support highly speculative execution for processors with deeper pipelines and wide issue widths. The bas...

Conditional branches limit the speed of modern microprocessors. Researchers need tools to examine program branch behavior. HALT, the Harvard Atom-Like Tool, allows SUIF users to instrument conditional branch instructions in their programs. Instrumentation code enables research into the branch problem: how programs use conditional branches and how they can be handled efficiently during program e...

Efforts to reduce power consumption of processors have gained much attention recently. Dynamic branch predictor, including BTB, is exercised in every instruction cycle, yet branch instructions only constitute a small percentage of instructions during program execution. This study proposes a novel method to collect the next branch distances of the recent branch instructions at runtime, in order ...

We describe a new branch predictor that is designed to balance multiple constraints—predicting branch biases versus predicting specific branch instance behavior. Most branch instances only require branch bias information for accurate predictions while a select few require more sophisticated prediction structures. Our predictor uses a cache mechanism to classify branches and dynamically adjust t...

Intermittent left bundle branch block is uncommon. During anaesthesia,, left bundle branch block may be related to hypertension or tachycardia and its occurrence makes the diagnosis of acute myocardial ischaemia or infarction difficult. Patients with intermittent left bundle branch block often develop established left bundle branch block, which may represent an earlier state of ischaemic heart ...

the effects of plant densities (25, 35 and 45 plants m-2 as d1, d2 and d3 respectively), and inoculation with rhizobium bacteria (without rhizobium, with rhizobium and rhizobium + microelement application), on growth and yield were studied in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). experiment was carried out in 2008 at research farm of the faculty of agriculture of university of mohaghegh ardabil, a fac...

Advanced processors can simultaneously execute multiple instructions in parallel to achieve performance. Branches introduce control dependence between instructions. Branch prediction therefore is important to modern processors. Most present predictors use branch history to predict branch outcomes. Using branch history alone results in delay for identifying mispredictions. In this paper, a conte...

A surprising number of recent Bayesian phylogenetic analyses contain branch-length estimates that are several orders of magnitude longer than corresponding maximum-likelihood estimates. The levels of divergence implied by such branch lengths are unreasonable for studies using biological data and are known to be false for studies using simulated data. We conducted additional Bayesian analyses an...