Abrasion dusts from three types of commercially available non-steel brake pads were generated by a brake dynamometer at disk temperatures of 200, 300 and 400 1C. The number concentration of the abrasion dusts and their aerodynamic diameters (Dp) were measured by using an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) spectrometer with high temporal and size resolution. Simultaneously, the abrasion dusts were...

Traffic-related sources have been recognized as a significant contributor of particulate matter particularly within major cities. Exhaust and non-exhaust traffic-related sources are estimated to contribute almost equally to traffic-related PM10 emissions. Non-exhaust particles can be generated either from non-exhaust sources such as brake, tyre, clutch and road surface wear or already exist in ...

Interest in the field of human-centered robotics continues to grow, particularly in utilizing pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) for close human–robot collaborations. Addressing the limited control performance of PAMs, we proposed a hybrid actuation scheme that combines PAMs (macro) and a low-inertia DC motor (mini). While the scheme has shown significantly improved control performance and rob...

in this study it has been tried, to compare results and convergence rate of sensitivity analysis and conjugate gradient algorithms to reduce fuel consumption and increasing engine performance by optimizing the timing of opening and closing valves in xu7/l3 engine. in this study, considering the strength and accuracy of simulation gt-power software in researches on the internal combustion engine...

Car driving could induce fatigue and an altered sensorimotor control of foot muscles. Also, the use of a cruise controller (CC) or an adaptive cruise controller (ACC) could delay the brake reaction time when an emergency braking response is needed. The literature brings very few information on fatigue of the leg muscles during prolonged car driving and no data was found on any lengthened brake ...

OBJECTIVE To reanalyse data on the lung content of asbestos fibres among brake mechanics. METHODS I re-analysed data published by Butnor, Roggli and colleagues on the lung content of chrysotile and tremolite asbestos fibres among brake mechanics and controls. Statistics of the distributions were estimated by maximum likelihood to accommodate observations below the detection limit. Mean concen...

Brake Analysis and NVH (Noise, Vibration and Harshness) Optimization have become critically important areas of application in the Automotive Industry. Brake Noise and Vibration costs approximately $1Billion/year in warranty work in Detroit alone. NVH optimization is now increasingly being used to predict the vehicle tactile and acoustic responses in relation to the established targets for desig...

The present study focuses on the effect of air-fuel ratio on the performance of four cylinder hydrogen fueled direct injection internal combustion engine. GT-Power was utilized to develop the model for direct injection engine. Air-fuel ratio was varied from rich limit to a lean limit. The rotational speed of the engine was varied from 1250 to 4500 rpm. The acquired results shown that the air fu...

Increasing demand from the consumer for higher levels of refinement from their passenger vehicles has put considerable pressure on the automotive industry to produce ever quieter cars. In order to prevent the occurrence of many forms of brake noise, especially judder and drone, excessive heating of the brake disc must be avoided, while minimizing temperature variations across the rotor. In orde...