BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Early and accurate diagnosis of brain edema in stroke patients is essential for the selection of appropriate treatment. We examined the correlations between the changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), regional water content, and tissue ultrastructure during early focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS The left middle cerebral arteries of cats were occluded with a...

the application of organic amendments can be an appropriate solution to reclaim and improve physical propertiesof saline-sodic soils. in this research, an experiment was performed under greenhouse conditions to study the effect ofamendments to the physical properties of loamy saline-sodic soil. the five treatments were control (withoutamendment), municipal solid waste compost (mc), vermicompost...

UNLABELLED Inflammatory damage plays an important role in cerebral ischemic pathogenesis and may represent a target for treatment. Parthenolide (PN) has been proved to elicit a wide range of biological activities through its anti-inflammatory action in the treatment of migraine, arthritis, and atherosclerosis. To decide whether this effect applies to ischemic injury in brain, we therefore inves...

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is widely expressed in the brain and exerts neurotoxicity in Parkinson's disease. The p38/Drosha signaling activation has been reported to increase cell death under stress. This study was designed to investigate the potential role and mechanism of LRRK2 in secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). A total of 130 male Sprague-Dawley rats were...

BACKGROUND Uncaria sinensis (US) has long been used in traditional Korean medicine to relieve various nervous-related symptoms and cardiovascular disease. We recently showed the neuroprotective and cerebrovascular protective effects of US on cerebral ischemia; however, its effects on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are poorly understood. In this study, the effects of partially purified components...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Evidence suggests that cerebral edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (i.c.h.) results from a mass effect in combination with neurotoxic injury from clot-derived substrates such as thrombin. Thrombolytics can compete for thrombin inhibitors endogenous to the brain. This study examines the effect of intracerebral infusion of thrombolytics, tissue plasminogen activator (...

BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the effects of different doses of levetiracetam on aquaporin 4 (AQP4) expression in rats after fluid percussion injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham operation group, traumatic brain injury group, low-dose levetiracetam group, and high-dose levetiracetam group. Brain edema models were establis...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Norrin and its receptor Frizzled-4 have important roles in the blood-brain barrier development. This study is to investigate a potential role and mechanism of Norrin/Frizzled-4 on protecting blood-brain barrier integrity after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS One hundred and seventy-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. SAH model was induced by endovascular pe...

The reperfusion of previously ischemic tissue may lead to the formation of highly reactive free radicals that promote tissue injury. Xanthine oxidase has been implicated as one source of these free radicals. We examined the role of xanthine oxidase in brain injury using a cerebrospinal fluid compression model of global cerebral ischemia with 15 minutes of ischemia and 4 hours of reperfusion. Se...

Introduction: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive technique utilized in various medical applications, including brain imaging and other neurological diseases. Recognizing the physiological and anatomical characteristics of organs based on their electrical properties is one of the main applications of EIT, as each variety of tissue structure has its own electrical characteris...