BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) can compromise perfusion and oxygenation of the preterm brain. Reports suggest that PDA is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. We hypothesize that long-standing low cerebral oxygenation due to PDA might affect brain volume at term equivalent age. METHODS Observational study in 140 infants inv...

We propose a fast algorithm to estimate brain tissue concentrations from conventional T1-weighted images based on a Bayesian maximum a posteriori formulation that extends the "mixel" model developed in the 90's. A key observation is the necessity to incorporate additional prior constraints to the "mixel" model for the estimation of plausible concentration maps. Experiments on the ADNI standardi...

EDITORIAL article Front. Nutr., 26 September 2023Sec. Nutrition, Psychology and Brain Health Volume 10 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1212075

Scientific data-sets often come with an inherent hierarchical structure such as functional substructures within organs. In this work we propose a new visualization approach for volume data which is augmented by the explicit representation of hierarchically structured data. The volumetric structures are organized in an interactive hierarchy view. Seamless zooming between data visualization, with...

BACKGROUND Brain abnormalities in adolescent heavy drinkers may result from alcohol exposure, or stem from pre-existing neural features. METHODS This longitudinal morphometric study investigated 40 healthy adolescents, ages 12-17 at study entry, half of whom (n=20) initiated heavy drinking over the 3-year follow-up. Both assessments included high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. FreeSur...

EDITORIAL article Front. Nutr., 14 August 2023Sec. Nutrition, Psychology and Brain Health Volume 10 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1208308

General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edin...

PURPOSE We evaluated the impact of premature extrauterine life on brain maturation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twelve neonates underwent MR imaging at 40 (39.64 +/- 0.98) weeks (full term). Fifteen premature infants underwent 2 MR imaging examinations, after birth (preterm at birth) and at 40 weeks (41.03 +/- 1.33) (preterm at term). A 3D MR imaging technique was used to measure brain volumes compa...

BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence for hormone-dependent modification of function and behavior during the menstrual cycle, but little is known about associated short-term structural alterations of the brain. Preliminary studies suggest that a hormone-dependent decline in brain volume occurs in postmenopausal, or women receiving antiestrogens, long term. Advances in serial MR-volumetry have...

The prenatal development of the human brain is characterized by a rapid increase in brain volume and a development of a highly folded cortex. At the cellular level, these events are enabled by symmetric and asymmetric cell division in the ventricular regions of the brain followed by an outwards cell migration towards the peripheral regions. The role of mechanics during brain development has bee...