This paper summarizes two novel ways to extend brain–computer interface (BCI) systems. One way involves hybrid BCIs. A hybrid BCI is a system that combines a BCI with another device to help people send information. Different types of hybrid BCIs are discussed, along with challenges and issues. BCIs are also being extended through intelligent systems. Software that allows high-level control, inc...

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a way to control computers by using human brain waves. As the technology has improved, BCI devices have become smaller and cheaper, making it possible for more individuals to buy them. This allows BCI to be applied to new fields outside of pure research, including entertainment. We examine whether BCI devices can be used as a new gaming device, approaching it f...

In this paper, we present self-paced Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) based interaction with a computer game. The BCI is able to detect three different motor imagery related brain patterns (imagination of left hand, right hand, foot or tongue movements) in the ongoing brain activity by using three bipolar electroencephalogram (EEG) channels only. To ensure that brain activity was used for control...

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems have gained great visibility in the last years for the possibility they give to severly disabled people to have a normal interaction with the external environment. However every group implements its own BCI system and this leads to a lack of a common language concerning methods, names of BCI components, file formats, tools etc..., with an obvious difficult...

Students especially at universities undergo a lot of pressure and stress, mental health is something that must not be taken lightly, the time pandemic as we are experiencing now. The need for us to look into constantly reminded everywhere. There ways reduce stress such meditation, getting involved in sports one most practiced methods by listening music. Music has been indeed proved have positiv...

In this paper we will describe all necessary parts of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), such as source of signals, hardware, software, analysis, architectures of complete system. We also will go along various applications of BCI, view some subject fields and their specifics. After preface we will consider the main point of this work – concepts of using BCI in education. Represented direction of B...

As brain-computer interface for augmentative and alternative communication access (BCI-AAC) development continues to consider avenues translation into the clinical setting, perspectives of clinican experts in AAC should be considered. Therefore, 11 USA-based speech-language pathologists who are completed a semistructured interview along with Likert scale measures assess their on BCI-AAC. The in...

This paper discusses machine learning methods and their application to Brain-Computer Interfacing. A particular focus is placed on linear classification methods which can be applied in the BCI context. Finally, we provide an overview on the Berlin-Brain Computer Interface (BBCI).

Abstract In this review article, we present more than a decade of our work on the development brain–computer interface (BCI) systems for restoration walking following neurological injuries such as spinal cord injury (SCI) or stroke. Most has been in domain non-invasive electroencephalogram-based BCIs, including interfacing system with virtual reality environment and physical prostheses. Real-ti...

A brain-computer interface (BCI) directly uses brain-activity signals to allow users to operate the environment without any muscular activation. Thanks to this feature, BCI systems can be employed not only as assistive devices, but also as neurorehabilitation tools in clinical settings. However, several critical issues need to be addressed before using BCI in neurorehabilitation, issues ranging...