Key words: inner limiting membrane; retinal pigment epithelium; optical coherence tomography; active net., temporal subtraction technique Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is important for assisting ophthalmologists in clinical decision making in terms of both diagnosis and treatment. 3D-OCT consists of 128 2D-OCT images representing crosssectional structure. OCT has proven clinically u...

BACKGROUND The Thailand-Myanmar border separates two very different health systems. The healthcare system in eastern Myanmar remains underdeveloped as a result of decades of instability. Comparatively, Tak province, Thailand has more healthcare resources. In this Thai border province government hospitals and non-governmental organizations provide tuberculosis (TB) treatment to migrants and refu...

Border Disease (BD), caused by Pestivirus from the family Flaviviridae, leads to serious reproductive losses and brain anomalies such as hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia in aborted fetuses and neonatal lambs. In this report it is aimed to investigate the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease with Thrombospondin type I repeats-13 (ADAMTS-...

During the 2014-2016 Ebola virus disease (Ebola) epidemic in West Africa, CDC implemented travel and border health measures to prevent international spread of the disease, educate and protect travelers and communities, and minimize disruption of international travel and trade. CDC staff provided in-country technical assistance for exit screening in countries in West Africa with Ebola outbreaks,...

To cite: Sethi T, Singh AP, Singla V, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2012008320 DESCRIPTION A 50-year-old woman presented with complaints of progressive breathlessness and easy fatiguability over the past 2 years. Jugular venous pressure was raised with absence of a wave. Cardiac auscultation revealed two distinct mid-diastolic murmurs at t...

Surveillance programs on farms and in the local environment provide an essential protection against the importation and spread of exotic diseases. Combined with border quarantine measures, these programs protect both consumers and producers from major health concerns and disease incursions that can potentially destroy local agricultural production and supporting industries, as well as generate ...

Pestiviruses infect a wide range of domestic, captive and free-living ruminants. Among domestic livestock, Border disease virus is a well recognised cause of an important congenital disease of sheep in virtually all sheep-rearing countries of the world. The clinical signs, pathogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology and control of this disease are described in detail. One natural outbreak of Border d...

BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease predisposes to atrial fibrillation (AF), but the effects of chronic atrial ischemia/infarction on AF-related substrates are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Regional right atrial myocardial infarction (MI) was created in 40 dogs by ligating an artery that supplies the right atrial free wall and not the ventricles; 35 sham dogs with the same artery isolated but n...

Collective cell migration is emerging as a major contributor to normal development and disease. Collective movement of border cells in the Drosophila ovary requires cooperation between two distinct cell types: four to six migratory cells surrounding two immotile cells called polar cells. Polar cells secrete a cytokine, Unpaired (Upd), which activates JAK/STAT signaling in neighboring cells, sti...

Summary The ‘BCG hypothesis' suggests that the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis limits severity of COVID-19. We exploit differential vaccination practices East Germany and West prior to reunification test this hypothesis. Using a difference in regression discontinuities (RD-DD) design centred on end universal West, we find differences COVID-19 across cohorts are insig...