Modeling indicates the presence of a region of low electronic density (a "σ-hole") on group 14 elements, and this offers an explanation for the ability of these elements to act as electrophilic sites and to form attractive interactions with nucleophiles. While many papers have described theoretical investigations of interactions involving carbon and silicon, such investigations of the heavier g...

ION REACTIONS The technique for estimation of activation energies for simple atom transfer reactions was developed by Johnston and coworkers (1963, 1966). The method is based upon the concept of conservation of bond order during the reaction process. Here bond order is defined as a number which is related to the strength of the chemical bond, hence bond energy-bond order (BEBO). In this notatio...

This study evaluated the effect of different amounts of dentin powder (DP) mixed in Clearfil SE Bond (CSB) or Single Bond (SB) on adhesion to dentin. Human third molars (n=96) were sectioned to expose the mid-coronal dentin and divided into eight experimental groups (n=12 per group), namely, Group 1: CSB, Group 2: CSB+1.5 mg DP, Group 3: CSB+3 mg DP, Group 4: CSB+4.5 mg DP, Group 5: SB, Group 6...

objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength to sound and caries-affected dentin using single bond and adper prompt-l-pop adhesives. materials and methods: sixteen extracted human molars with carious lesions extended halfway through dentin were ground to expose the caries affected and the surrounding normal dentin. the samples were divided into two groups of e...

This paper explores a set of new equations to predict the bond strength between fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) rebar and concrete. The proposed equations are based on a comprehensive statistical analysis and existing experimental results in the literature. Namely, the most effective parameters on bond behavior of FRP concrete were first identified by applying a factorial analysis on a part of t...

The preparation and unit cell parameters of a novel fuflerene-containing compound, (C60)6S80.C2HC13, is described. The compound is orthorhombic with a = 10.512(6) I,

In the title mol-ecule, C(11)H(12)N(2)O(4), the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and imidazolidine ring is 7.1 (5)°. In the crystal structure, the hy-droxy groups are involved in the formation of inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which link the mol-ecules related by translation into C(2) chains along the b axis.