Angiotensin (Ang) II upregulates body fluid volume in vertebrates; however, it produces varying effects in invertebrates. Ang II upregulates body fluid volume in clam worms and slugs organisms), but downregulates it in downregulating effect of Ang II in leeches is caused by their blood effects of Ang I and Ang II on body fluid volume in the freshwater sludge worm, (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Tubifi...
