Food systems exert major pressures on the environment. This paper reviews what is known and not about environmental impacts along food supply chains, looking at contribution of different stages chain, impact products, heterogeneity among producers, role international trade. review shows that most in chains occur through land use change or stage agricultural production. Livestock (especially rum...

This study considers pricing, production and transportation decisions in a Stackelberg game between three-stage, multi-product, multi-source and single-period supply chains called leader and follower. These chains consist of; manufacturers, distribution centers (DCs) and retailers. Competition type is horizontal and SC vs. SC. The retailers in two chains try to maximize their profit through pri...