The influence of the provisions legal metrology on formation and functioning monetary environment in market is studied. It shown that use tangible (reference) measures for determining value goods units makes it possible to form a stable system, equal all participants. This system can reasonably be attributed information measuring systems. Systems based constant determine money have been formed ...

Abstract: Central banks have long been interested in obtaining precise estimations of money demand given the fact that the evolution of money demand plays a key role over several monetary variables. One implication of currency substitution is that the exchange rate could serve as another determinant of the demand for money. Due to the recent currency crisis in Iran, it would be important to inv...

the objective of this study is to derive a money demand function compatible with the islamic economic rules, i.e., prohibition of reba. this rule, evidently eliminates the loan market from the economy.therefore, we propose that the islamic financial markets could link the real and nominal sectors of the economy and provide the information needed by both the financial intermediaries and the cent...

We provide a simple incomplete-information model wherein an initially uninformed plaintiff makes a menu of settlement demands (one of which involves confidentiality) of the informed defendant. The defendant is informed about both his culpability in the harm suffered by the current plaintiff and the existence of other plaintiffs. The possibility that there are other plaintiffs the defendant migh...

A random matching environment is constructed where banks mitigate a mismatch between the timing of investment payo¤s and when agents wish to consume. Claims on banks may serve as media of exchange, i.e. private money. Two problems can emerge with private money. First, there may exist welfaredominated equilibria where banks hold low-return assets. Second, private media of exchange may be subject...

this paper provides a critical review of the demand for money estimation. in doing so, first we explain the main effective factors on the demand for money on the light of monetarists, which those are: transaction demand for money and opportunity cost of holding money. then i have done a short report about the existing studies on the demand for money in the iranian economy and have a special att...

This study examined sex differences in money beliefs and behaviours. Over 100,000 British participants completed two measures online, one of which assessed "money pathology" (Forman in Mind over money, Doubleday, Toronto, 1987), and the other four "money types", based on the emotional associations of money (Furnham et al. in Personal Individ Differ, 52:707-711, 2012). Nearly all measures showed...

This paper presents a theory of inflation in an economy with commodity money and supports it by evidence from the inflationary episodes in France during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The paper shows that commodity money can be inflated similarly to fiat money through repeated debasements, which act like devaluation. Furthermore, as with fiat money, demand for commodity money falls wit...