The evolution of cranial design in lepidosaurians is characterized by a general trend toward the loss of cranial elements. The evolution of relatively lighter skulls in squamates appears tightly coupled to a reduction in relative mass of the jaw adductor, implying functional consequences for bite force and feeding behavior. Interestingly, among squamates the postorbital bar was reduced or lost ...

The effect of bite-blocks with and without repelling magnets as proposed for the treatment of open bite was analyzed. Twelve male juvenile monkeys were divided into three groups of four. Group A was used as control, group B was given bite-blocks containing samarium cobalt disks, and group C received identical bite-blocks without active magnets. The monkeys were observed for 24 weeks before deat...

The purpose of this in vivo study was to determine maximum and functional forces simultaneously in three dimensions on mandibular implants supporting overdentures. The anchorage system for overdenture connection was the ball-shaped retentive anchor. Five edentulous patients, each with two mandibular ITI implants, were selected as test subjects. A novel miniaturized piezo-electric force transduc...