Direct solar-powered production of value-added chemicals from CO2 and H2O, a process that mimics natural photosynthesis, is of fundamental and practical interest. In natural photosynthesis, CO2 is first reduced to common biochemical building blocks using solar energy, which are subsequently used for the synthesis of the complex mixture of molecular products that form biomass. Here we report an ...

nowadays using of new energies in the form of dispersed resources in the worlds is wide spreading. in this article we will design a dispersed production source in the form of a solar/wind hybrid power plant in order to supply the energy of a residential unit according to a sample load pattern. the aim of aforementioned design is to reduce its costs in a period of 20 years. in order to optimi...

Main objectives of the paper were to examine the complementary nature of solar and wind energy in primary and in “useful” form. Analyses are performed on real, measured solar and wind potential data at the same site. Solar irradiation and wind power density have been assessed as primary forms. In order to examine effects of their complementarity in real applications, i.e. in power systems, a hy...

A hybrid blocking layer consisting of a conducting TiO2 network embedded in a ceramic matrix is implemented in a solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell. This novel type of blocking layer is thinner than the classical blocking layer films as shown with SEM and XRR measurements, and thereby the conductivity of the hybrid film is increased by 110%. A percolating TiO2 network, proven by TEM/ESI and ...

The Croatian electricity demand exceeds domestic production and about 30% of additional power is covered from imports. The Croatian government is planning to add domestic production capacity, using natural gas and coal as the main fuel. Due to the attractive solar irradiation in Croatia, these new projects offer the possibility to build these thermal power plants as hybrid plants by adding sola...

Solar thermochemical gasification is an opportunity for the production of sustainable fuels from carbonaceous resources including biomass. Substituting conventional processes by solar-driven technologies may enable cleaner H2-rich syngas while saving feedstock and alleviating CO2 emissions. This work addresses hybrid solar-autothermal mm-sized beech wood particles in a lab-scale 1.5 kWth spoute...

Renewable electricity generation systems are increasingly used as a means of reducing harmful emissions and also reducing operational costs, by comparison with the use of fossil fuels. However, renewable energy sources such as solar energy are characterised by a high degree of intermittence, sometimes unpredictable. This constraint leads to inability to meet the demand of a power system. Hybrid...

Heterosis, the greater vigor of hybrids compared to their parents, has been exploited in maize breeding for more than 100 years to produce ever better performing elite hybrids of increased yield. Despite extensive research, the underlying mechanisms shaping the extent of heterosis are not well understood, rendering the process of selecting an optimal set of parental lines tedious. This study is...

Although the record efficiencies of perovskite hybrid solar cells are gradually reaching the efficiency of crystalline Si solar cells, perovskite hybrid solar cells often exhibit significant current density–voltage (J–V ) hysteresis with respect to the forward and reverse scan direction and scan rate. The origin of the J–V hysteresis of perovskite hybrid solar cells has not, to date, been clear...