This paper reports effects of increasing modalities in understanding three simultaneous speeches with two microphones. This problem is difficult because the beamforming technique adopted for a microphone array needs at least four microphones, and because independent component analysis adopted for blind source separation needs at least three microphones. We investigate four cases; monaural (one ...

Binaural models attempt to explain binaural phenomena in terms of neural mechanisms that extract binaural information from acoustic stimuli. In this paper, a model setup is presented that can be used to simulate binaural detection tasks. In contrast to the most often used cross correlation between the right and left channel, this model is based on contralateral inhibition. The presented model i...

A case report of a young, adult male with multiple sclerosis who demonstrates binaural interference is presented. Binaural interference was demonstrated on behavioral and physiologic measures during the active stage. Binaural interference was present, although reduced, during the stage of remission. During remission, binaural interference occurred despite the absence of interaural asymmetry in ...

To scrutinize the binaural contribution to speech-in-noise reception, four groups of elderly participants with or without audiometric asymmetry <2 kHz and with or without near-normal binaural intelligibility level difference (BILD) completed tests of monaural and binaural phase sensitivity as well as cognitive function. Groups did not differ in age, overall degree of hearing loss, or cognitive ...

The mammalian auditory system is the temporally most precise sensory modality: To localize low-frequency sounds in space, the binaural system can resolve time differences between the ears with microsecond precision. In contrast, the binaural system appears sluggish in tracking changing interaural time differences as they arise from a low-frequency sound source moving along the horizontal plane....

When listening to sounds in a natural environment, different sound pressure levels reach the two ears. They are nevertheless combined to result in a single ’binaural’ loudness. This phenomenon is called binaural loudness summation. In the laboratory it can be carried to an extreme by stimulating one ear only (monaural presentation) or both ears (binaural or diotic presentation) using headphones...

A meta-analytic approach was used to examine sixteen peer-reviewed publications related to speech-recognition performance in noise at fixed signal-to-noise ratios for participants who use bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) or bimodal stimulation. Two hundred eighty-seven analyses were conducted to compare the underlying contributions of binaural summation, binaural squelch, and the head-shadow e...

The frequency dependent level correction necessary for a binaural synthesis system to elicit via headphones the reference scene loudness of narrow-band signals is referred to as loudness transfer function. An ideal binaural synthesis system provides frequency independent loudness transfer functions for every listener. The frequency dependence of the average of a binaural synthesis system's indi...

The aim of the present study was to compare the benefit of monaural versus binaural ear-level frequency modulated (FM) fitting on speech perception in noise in children with normal hearing. Reception threshold for sentences (RTS) was measured in no-FM, monaural FM, and binaural FM conditions in 22 normally developing children with bilateral normal hearing, aged 8 to 9 years old. Data were gathe...