An individual’s decision to reason about a problem may involve trade-off between cognitive costs and notion of value. This paper analyzes the primitive properties that must hold for stop thinking be represented by cost-benefit analysis. We then provide additional give more structure value reasoning function. show how our model applies variety settings, including contexts involving R&D applicati...

Open Access Simula SpringerBriefs on benefits management, benefit points, earned business value benefit/costs index, uncertainty assessment.

steel production in iran has been recorded since fourteen century b.c. however the main growth and development in steel industry has occurred in recent decades. steel industry has important role in development of industrial countries, and also steel consumption may consider as an important ind ices in the development process. this pap er has analyzed two main complexes (zobe ahan and mobarakch)...

Effective traffic management in urban areas is done by adapting traffic signal times to current traffic conditions. At isolated intersections this task is usually realised by fixed time or by conventional vehicle actuated signal controllers. The fixed time signals use predefined green times, they are reliable and cost-efficient but offer no opportunity to adapt on-line. Especially with rapidly ...

the certainty assumption that is used in economic analysis, althouth is easier in analysis, may be but not logical because in most projects time is playing a key role. in this time horizon the amount of income and future costs affecting by factors that are not managable by investors and can not to be forecasted. therefore in practice usually there is a gap between forecased and real variables. ...