dissolved organic nitrogen (don) is an important constituent of dissolved organic matter (dom). it has a considerable effect on total dissolved soil nitrogen and it is very important as a nitrogen source of many aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. dissolved inorganic nitrogen, which is another form of total soil dissolved nitrogen, includes no3, no2 and nh4, which is very important for plant nu...

O objetivo foi avaliar a capacidade das espécies fúngicas Aspergillus oryzae e Rhizopus oryzae em degradar desoxinivalenol (DON) em fermentação submersa. O meio submerso utilizado foi água destilada estéril contaminada com 1mg mL DON, inoculado com 4 × 10 esporos mL das espécies fúngicas. A amostragem foi realizada a cada 48 h até 240 h de processo, determinando a massa residual de DON, percent...

Physiological regulations of energy balance and body weight imply highly adaptive mechanisms which match caloric intake to caloric expenditure. In the central nervous system, the regulation of appetite relies on complex neurocircuitry which disturbance may alter energy balance and result in anorexia or obesity. Deoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene, is one of the most abundant mycotoxins found ...

'The gastrointestinal tract represents the first barrier against food contaminants as well as the first target for these toxicants. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that commonly contaminates cereals and causes various toxicological effects. Through consumption of contaminated cereals and cereal products, human and pigs are exposed to this mycotoxin. Using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo appro...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Both deoxynivalenol (DON) and nontyphoidal salmonellosis are emerging threats with possible hazardous effects on both human and animal health. The objective of this study was to examine whether DON at low but relevant concentrations interacts with the intestinal inflammation induced by Salmonella Typhimurium. METHODOLOGY By using a porcine intestinal ileal loop model, we i...

Under moderate climatic conditions, deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination occurs frequently on cereals. Detoxification measures are required to avoid adverse effects on farm animals. In the present study, a wet preservation method with sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) and propionic acid was tested to titrate the optimum Na2SO3-dose for maximum DON reduction of contaminated maize kernels and meal and to exa...

Glutamine is an abundant amino acid that plays pivotal roles in cell growth, cell metabolism, and neurotransmission. Dysregulation of glutamine-using pathways has been associated with pathological conditions such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) is a reactive glutamine analog that inhibits enzymes affecting glutamine metabolism such as glutaminase, 2-N-...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin produced by the plant pathogenic fungi Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum. These and other closely related fungi cause a disease known as Fusarium head blight (FHB) in small grain cereals. Other mycotoxins produced by FHB-causing fungi include nivalenol, T-2 toxin, and zearalenone. Ingestion of mycotoxin-contaminated food and feed can lead to toxicosis in h...

Fuel ethanol co-products known as distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are a significant source of energy, protein, and phosphorous in animal feed. Fuel ethanol production may concentrate mycotoxins present in corn into DDGS. One hundred and forty one corn DDGS lots collected in 2011 from 78 ethanol plants located in 12 states were screened for the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-a...