In the Relativistic Heavy ion Collider (RHIC) much larger background signals were occurring at BRAMS, one of the four experiments. This was especially pronounced at the time when vacuum conditions deteriorated due to the beam ionization profile monitor replacements. Recording the beam intensities during the store provided the beam lifetime. Predictions from the beam gas interactions to the abov...

Although subgroup discovery aims to be a practical tool for exploratory data mining, its wider adoption is hampered by redundancy and the re-discovery of common knowledge. This can be remedied by parameter tuning and manual result filtering, but this requires considerable effort from the data analyst. In this paper we argue that it is essential to involve the user in the discovery process to so...

A novel, least invasive beam profile monitor based on a supersonic gas jet has been developed by the QUASAR Group at the Cockcroft Institute, UK. It allows the measurement of beam profiles for various particle beams across a range of energies and vacuum levels. A finely collimated neutral gas jet, produced by a nozzle and several skimmers, is injected into the vacuum chamber perpendicular to th...

We give the best possible upper bound on the number of exceptional values and totally ramified value number of the hyperbolic Gauss map for pseudo-algebraic Bryant surfaces and some partial results on the Osserman problem for algebraic Bryant surfaces. Moreover, we study the value distribution of the hyperbolic Gauss map for complete constant mean curvature one faces in de Sitter three-space.

Quality assessment in external beam radiotherapy necessitates for an efficient and robust tool for comparing the planned and realised geometry of the treatment. Such a tool using the modified Hausdorff distance measure has been developed and successfully introduced to clinical practice. The majority of steps of the method are automatic. The user specifies the share of edge data extracted from t...

Background: Physical wedges are still widely used as beam modifiers in external beam radiotherapy. However the presence of them in the beam trace may cause beam hardening which may not be considered in many treatment planning systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the beam hardening effect generated by physical wedges via different beam quality indexes as photon spectrum, half value l...